Editing Demographics of Finland (section)

== Immigration ==
{{Main|Immigration to Finland|Ethnic groups in Finland}}

===Net migration of Finland, 1990-present===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Finland Migration Data 
! Year !! Immigration to Finland !! Emigration from Finland !! Net migration
|-
| 1990 || 13,558 || 6,477 || +7,081
|-
| 1991 || 19,001 || 5,984 || +13,017
|-
| 1992 || 14,554 || 6,055 || +8,499
|-
| 1993 || 14,795 || 6,405 || +8,390
|-
| 1994 || 11,611 || 8,672 || +2,939
|-
| 1995 || 12,222 || 8,957 || +3,265
|-
| 1996 || 13,294 || 10,587 || +2,707
|-
| 1997 || 13,564 || 9,854 || +3,710
|-
| 1998 || 14,192 || 10,817 || +3,375
|-
| 1999 || 14,744 || 11,966 || +2,778
|-
| 2000 || 16,895 || 14,311 || +2,584
|-
| 2001 || 18,955 || 13,153 || +5,802
|-
| 2002 || 18,112 || 12,891 || +5,221
|-
| 2003 || 17,838 || 12,083 || +5,755
|-
| 2004 || 20,333 || 13,656 || +6,677
|-
| 2005 || 21,355 || 12,369 || +8,986
|-
| 2006 || 22,451 || 12,107 || +10,344
|-
| 2007 || 26,029 || 12,443 || +13,586
|-
| 2008 || 29,114 || 13,657 || +15,457
|-
| 2009 || 26,699 || 12,151 || +14,548
|-
| 2010 || 25,636 || 11,905 || +13,731
|-
| 2011 || 29,481 || 12,660 || +16,821
|-
| 2012 || 31,278 || 13,845 || +17,433
|-
| 2013 || 31,941 || 13,893 || +18,048
|-
| 2014 || 31,507 || 15,486 || +16,021
|-
| 2015 || 28,746 || 16,305 || +12,441
|-
| 2016 || 34,905 || 18,082 || +16,823
|-
| 2017 || 31,797 || 16,973 || +14,824
|-
| 2018 || 31,106 || 19,141 || +11,965
|-
| 2019 || 32,758 || 17,263 || +15,495
|-
| 2020 || 32,898 || 15,084 || +17,814
|-
| 2021 || 36,364 || 13,459 || +22,905
|-
| 2022 || 49,998 || 15,635 || +34,363
|-
| 2023 || 73,236 || 15,322 || +57,914
|}

=== Statistics of foreign population ===

{{As of|2024}}, Statistics Finland produces statistics on foreign nationals in three different ways:<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>
# Origin and background country: 623,949 people or 11.1%, have a foreign background.
# Country of birth: 583,155 people, or 10.3%, were born in a foreign country.
# Language: 610,148 people, or 10.8%, have a first language other than Finnish, Swedish or Sámi.

No official statistics exist on ethnicities. Nonetheless, the Finnish population statistics are available according to the birth countries of the residents' parents (foreign background/origin statistics). International census recommendations define an ethnic group by the perception of its members of historical, regional, or national origin. Therefore, data on ethnic status should always be sourced from a person's own statement. Due to the fact that Finland's census is registry-based, official statistics regarding ethnic groups cannot be provided.<ref>{{cite web |last=Nieminen |first=Jari |date=2013 |title=Etnisyystiedon merkitys kasvaa maahanmuuton lisääntyessä |url=http://www.stat.fi/artikkelit/2013/art_2013-09-23_003.html?s=0 |access-date=21 January 2017 |website=Tilastokeskus |publisher=Statistics Finland |language=fi |archive-date=30 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140830132737/http://www.stat.fi/artikkelit/2013/art_2013-09-23_003.html?s=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Origin and background country ===

Origin and background country - the definition used by Statistics Finland includes all individuals with at least one parent born in Finland as being of Finnish background. Individuals with both parents or only one known parent born abroad are classified as having foreign heritage. If both parents of an individual were born abroad, the mother's country of birth is primarily considered as the background country. For all individuals of Finnish heritage, the background country is Finland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tilastokeskus |title=Statistics Finland |url=https://stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html |access-date=14 April 2023 |website=stat.fi |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414160043/https://stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{refn|In 2012, Statistics Finland implemented a classification system for determining origin and background comparable to that employed by other Nordic countries. This system utilizes data on parental birthplaces to differentiate between Finnish natives and foreign-born individuals. It is important to note that data regarding individuals who passed before 1964 is unavailable in the Population Information System. Approximately 900,000 Finnish-born residents, whose parental birthplaces are unknown due to the pre-system death of their parents, are categorized as Finnish given that their native language is either Finnish, Swedish, or Sámi. Individuals with at least one parent born in Finland are classified as having a Finnish background. For those with foreign-born parents or missing parental data, a foreign background is assigned, regardless of whether they were born in Finland or abroad. In cases where both parents were born abroad, the mother's birthplace takes precedence in determining the background. If only the father's birthplace is known, it is used to determine the background.  If the parental data and foreign background of a person born in Finland are unknown, their birthplace is considered their background. However, if someone is born in Finland with unknown parental information and foreign background deduction, their background remains unknown. In the case of internationally adopted children by Finnish-born parents, they are treated as having a Finnish background, with Finland as their birth country.<ref name="Stat-finland-definition-background-country">{{Cite web | url=https://www.stat.fi/meta/kas/syntypera_ja_ta_en.html | title=Origin and background country - definition 1 | date=31 May 2023 | publisher=Statistics Finland | access-date=5 October 2023 | language=en }}</ref> |group=note}}

{{collapse top|Origin and background country of population in Finland by continent 1990–2020|border=2px|border2=0px|padding=1px}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%"
|+
! rowspan="3" |Country or continent
! colspan="8" |Year<ref>{{Cite web |title=PxWeb - Select table |url=https://pxdata.stat.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/en/Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen/Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen__Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen/ |access-date=14 April 2023 |website=pxdata.stat.fi |archive-date=14 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414200805/https://pxdata.stat.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/en/Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen/Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen__Maahanmuuttajat_ja_kotoutuminen/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" |1990
! colspan="2" |2000
! colspan="2" |2010
! colspan="2" |2020
|-
!Population
!%
!Population
!%
!Population
!%
!Population
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Europe
!5,032,796
!99.6%
!5,149,522
!99.1%
!5,295,964
!98.1%
!5,318,746
!95.9%
|-
|Finland
|4,960,860
|99.2%
|5,067,870
|97.8%
|5,138,210
|95.6%
|5,089,762
|92.0%
|-
|EU (excluding Finnish origin)
|5,003
|0.1%
|9,200
|0.2%
|43,295
|0.8%
|38,753
|0.7%
|-
|Other Europe
|17,114
|0.3%
|62,269
|1.2%
|97,249
|1.8%
|191,099
|3.5%
|-
!AFRICA
!1,720
!0.0%
!11,802
!0.2%
!29,041
!0.5%
!57,496
!1.0%
|-
!AMERICA
!3,156
!0.1%
!4,457
!0.1%
!7,649
!0.1%
!13,169
!0.2%
|-
!ASIA
!5,250
!0.1%
!20,212
!0.4%
!54,547
!1.0%
!132,903
!2.4%
|-
!OCEANIA
!136
!0.0%
!359
!0.0%
!678
!0.0%
!1,042
!0.0%
|-
!UNKNOWN
!5,239
!0.1%
!4,946
!0.1%
!4,607
!0.1%
!9,569
!0.2%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total: Foreign countries
!37,618
!0.8%
!113,245
!2.2%
!237,066
!4.4%
!444,031
!8.0%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total
!4,998,478
!100%
!5,181,115
!100%
!5,375,276
!100%
!5,533,793
!100%
|}
{{collapse bottom}}

===Country of birth===
[[File:Population pyramid of Finland by origin groups.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Finland by origin groups in 2021]]
[[File:Finnish and foreign born population pyramid in 2021.svg|thumb|Finnish and foreign born population pyramid in 2021]]
[[File:Finnish background population pyramid in 2021.svg|thumb|Finnish background]]
[[File:Foreign born in Finland population pyramid in 2021.svg|thumb|Foreign born]]
[[File:Foreign born descendants in Finland in 2021 population pyramid.svg|thumb|Foreign born descendants]]

The definition used by Statistics Finland for country of birth is based on the mother's country of permanent residence at the time of birth. Consequently, Estonian immigrants born before Estonian independence are recorded as being born in the [[Soviet Union]], and those born in territories ceded by Finland are listed as being born in Finland, regardless of subsequent territorial changes. This information reflects the government in power at the time of birth and is devoid of subjective evaluations.<ref name="Stat-finland-definition-country-of-birth">{{Cite web | url=https://www.stat.fi/meta/kas/syntymamaa_en.html | title=Country of birth - definition 1 | date=31 May 2023 | publisher=Statistics Finland | access-date=5 October 2023 | language=en }}</ref>

{{static row numbers}}{{sort under}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers sort-under" style=text-align:right
|-class=static-row-header style=vertical-align:bottom
! Country of birth (2024)<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>
! Population
! %
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Finland}}
| 5,052,816
| 89.7%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Soviet Union}}
| 81,821
| 1.5%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Estonia}}
| 46,675
| 0.8%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Sweden}}
| 34,471
| 0.6%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Russia}}
| 23,320
| 0.4%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Iraq}}
| 23,120
| 0.4%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Ukraine}}
| 23,017
| 0.4%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|China}}
| 17,992
| 0.3%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Philippines}}
| 16,836
| 0.3%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|India}}
| 16,404
| 0.3%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |{{Flagcountry|Somalia}}
| 14,560
| 0.3%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Vietnam}}
| 13,695
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Thailand}}
| 13,604
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Iran}}
| 12,287
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Turkey}}
| 12,202
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Afghanistan}}
| 10,936
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Yugoslavia}}
| 9,676
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Bangladesh}}
| 9,655
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Syria}}
| 9,408
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Nepal}}
| 8,981
| 0.2%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}
| 8,357
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Germany}}
| 8,222
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
| 7,830
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Pakistan}}
| 7,740
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|United States}}
| 7,016
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Nigeria}}
| 5,959
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Poland}}
| 5,699
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Romania}}
| 5,493
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Latvia}}
| 4,190
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Italy}}
| 3,900
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Spain}}
| 3,859
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Morocco}}
| 3,597
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|France}}
| 3,477
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
| 3,386
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Bulgaria}}
| 2,966
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Hungary}}
| 2,944
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
| 2,928
| 0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | {{Flagcountry|Kenya}}
| 2,925
| 0.1%
|}