Editing Cultural imperialism (section)

===Antiquity===
The [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greeks]] are known for spreading their culture around the Mediterranean and Near East through trade and conquest. During the [[Archaic Greece|Archaic Period]], the burgeoning Greek city-states established settlements and colonies across the [[Mediterranean Sea]], especially in [[Sicily]] and southern [[Italy]], influencing the [[Etruscans|Etruscan]] and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] peoples of the region. In the late fourth century BC, [[Alexander the Great]] conquered Persian and Indian territories all the way to the [[Indus River Valley]] and [[Punjab]], spreading [[Ancient Greek religion|Greek religion]], art, and science along the way. This resulted in the rise of [[Hellenistic Period|Hellenistic]] kingdoms and cities across Egypt, the Near East, Central Asia, and Northwest India where Greek culture fused with the cultures of the indigenous peoples. The Greek influence prevailed even longer in science and literature, where medieval Muslim scholars in the Middle East studied the writings of [[Aristotle]] for scientific learning.

The [[Roman Empire]] was also an early example of cultural imperialism. Early Rome, in its conquest of Italy, assimilated the people of [[Etruria]] by replacing the [[Etruscan language]] with Latin, which led to the demise of that language and many aspects of [[Etruscan civilisation]].<ref name="books.google.co.uk">{{cite book |last1=Kolb |first1=RW. |title=Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and Society |date=2007 |publisher=SAGE Publications |page=537 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v751AwAAQBAJ&q=%22cultural+imperialism%22+rome&pg=PT607|isbn=9781452265698 }}</ref> Cultural [[Romanization (cultural)|Romanization]] was imposed on many parts of Rome's empire by "many regions receiving Roman culture unwillingly, as a form of cultural imperialism."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ermatinger |first1=JW. |title=The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire |date=2004 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EdBEHD4XQ-0C&q=%22cultural+imperialism%22+rome&pg=PA1|isbn=9780313326929 }}</ref> For example, when Greece was conquered by the Roman armies, Rome set about altering the culture of Greece to conform with Roman ideals. For instance, the Greek habit of stripping naked, in public, for exercise, was looked on askance by Roman writers, who considered the practice to be a cause of the Greeks' effeminacy and enslavement.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goldhill |first1=S. |title=Being Greek Under Rome: Cultural Identity, the Second Sophistic and the Development of Empire |date=2006 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=2 & 114 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rbwCTL507fsC&q=%22cultural+imperialism%22+rome&pg=PA21|isbn=9780521030878 }}</ref> The Roman example has been linked to modern instances of European imperialism in African countries, bridging the two instances with Slavoj Zizek's discussions of 'empty signifiers'.<ref name="Sabrin2013"/> The [[Pax Romana]] was secured in the empire, in part, by the "forced acculturation of the culturally diverse populations that Rome had conquered."<ref name="books.google.co.uk"/>