Editing Competition (section)

== Trade ==
Competition is also found in [[trade]]. For nations, as well as firms it is important to understand trade dynamics in order to market their goods and services effectively in international markets. [[Balance of trade]] can be considered a crude, but widely used proxy for international competitiveness across levels: [[country]], [[Industry (economics)|industry]] or even [[business|firm]]. "We share a common belief that innovation comes from the edges," said Luisa Delgado, an SAP HR director, who noted the company valued the ability of many autistic people to "think differently and spark innovation." SAP’s Bangalore office saw its productivity increase after deploying autistic hires. The company is working closely with a Danish not-for-profit specializing in IT job placements for individuals with autism spectrum disorders."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Schrage |first1=Michael |title=Autism's Competitive Advantage, and Challenge, in the Workplace |url=https://hbr.org/2013/05/autisms-competitive-advantage}}</ref> Research data hints that exporting firms have a higher survival rate and achieve greater employment growth compared with non-exporters.

Using a simple concept to measure heights that firms can climb may help improve execution of strategies. International competitiveness can be measured on several criteria but few are as flexible and versatile to be applied across levels as Trade Competitiveness Index (TCI) <ref>{{cite journal|author1=Manthri P.|author2=Bhokray K.|author3=Momaya K. S.|year=2015|title=Export Competitiveness of Select Firms from India: Glimpse of Trends and Implications|url=https://kmomaya.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/ijm_pranusha_bhokray_momaya_export_competitiveness_pre-publication_review.pdf|journal=Indian Journal of Marketing|volume=45|issue=5|pages=7–13|doi=10.17010/ijom/2015/v45/i5/79934|access-date=2015-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210603/https://kmomaya.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/ijm_pranusha_bhokray_momaya_export_competitiveness_pre-publication_review.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Hypercompetitiveness ===
The tendency toward extreme, unhealthy competition has been termed '''hypercompetitiveness'''. This concept originated in [[Karen Horney]]'s theories on [[neurosis]]; specifically, the highly aggressive personality type which is characterized as "moving against people". In her view, some people have a need to compete and win at all costs as a means of maintaining their [[self-esteem|self-worth]]. These individuals are likely to turn any activity into a competition, and they will feel threatened if they find themselves losing. Researchers have found that men and women who score high on the trait of hypercompetitiveness are more [[Narcissism|narcissistic]] and less psychologically healthy than those who score low on the trait.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ryckman, R. M. |author2=Thornton, B. |author3=Butler, J. C. |year=1994 |title= Personality correlates of the hypercompetitive attitude scale: Validity tests of Horney's theory of neurosis |journal=[[Journal of Personality Assessment]]|volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=84–94 |doi=10.1207/s15327752jpa6201_8 |pmid=8138889 }}</ref> Hypercompetitive individuals generally believe that winning is the only thing that matters.<ref>{{cite news|title=Competition freaks |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-nov-28-he-competition28-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=2 February 2021 |date=28 November 2005}}</ref>