Editing Chaplain (section)

===Royalty and nobility===
Monarchs have held private religious services as a long-standing right along with a privilege of appointing their own chaplains to serve them and their families.<ref>''The Columbia Encyclopedia''. (1963). edited by William Bridgwater and Seymour Kurtz. 	Third edition. New York : Columbia University Press. p. 381.</ref> Since the late medieval period,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grey |first=Sidney |date=1878 |title=Exeter Cathedral |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20637490 |journal=The Aldine |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=60–62 |doi=10.2307/20637490 |jstor=20637490 |issn=2151-4186}}</ref> dukes and lesser ranking nobles have had a capacity to name a number of chaplains.<ref>Degge, Simon. (1685).''The parsons counsellor, with the law of tithes or tithing : in two books : the first sheweth the order every parson, vicar, &c. ought to observe in obtaining a spiritual preferment, and what duties are incumbent upon him after taking the same, and many other things necessary for every clergy-man to know and observe. The second shews, in what manner all sorts of tythes, offerings, mortuaries, and other church duties are to be paid, as well in London as elsewhere, and as well by the canon as common and statute-laws, and in what courts and manner they may be recovered, what charges they are subject to, and many other things concerning the same, necessary for clerg-men and others to know''. London : Printed by the assigns of Richard and Edward Atkins Esquires, for Henry Twyford in Vine-Court, Middle Temple, pp. 133 ff.</ref> The question of who has authority to qualify chaplains was the heart of the [[Investiture Controversy]] in medieval Germany.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blumenthal |first=Uta-Renate |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fht77 |title=The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century |date=1988 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |jstor=j.ctt3fht77 |isbn=978-0-8122-1386-7}}</ref>