Editing Cebu (section)

==Geography==
{{Infobox islands
| name               = Cebu Island
| local_name         = Sugbo
| map_image          = Ph locator cebu island.png
| location           = [[Visayas]]
| archipelago        = [[Philippines]]
| waterbody          = {{unbulleted list
 | [[Camotes Sea]]
 | [[Visayan Sea]]
 | [[Cebu Strait]]
 | [[Tañon Strait]]}}
| area_km2           = 4467.5
| area_footnotes     = {{sfn|Dahl|1998}}
| rank               = 
| length_km          = 196
| length_footnotes   = {{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2016}}
| width_km           = 32
| width_footnotes    = {{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2016}}
| coastline_km       = 513.9
| coastline_footnotes = {{sfn|Dahl|1998}}
| elevation_m        = 1097
| elevation_footnotes = {{sfn|Dahl|1998}}
| highest_mount      = 
| country            = Philippines
| country_admin_divisions_title = Region
| country_admin_divisions = [[Central Visayas]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = Province
| country_admin_divisions_1 = Cebu
| demonym            = Cebuanos (masculine) / Cebuanas (feminine)
| ethnic_groups      = [[Visayans]] ([[Cebuano people|Cebuanos]])
| population         = {{formatnum:{{#expr:<!-- Cebu Province -->+{{formatnum:{{PH wikidata|population_total}}<!-- Cebu city -->+{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q1467}} <!-- Mandaue -->+{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q1889017}} <!-- minus Bantayan --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q315771}} <!-- minus Cordova --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q315965}} <!-- minus Madridejos --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316080}} <!-- minus Pilar --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316425}} <!-- minus Poro --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316275}} <!-- minus San Francisco --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316332}} <!-- minus Santa Fe --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316370}} <!-- minus Tudela --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316564}}|R}}}}}}
| population_as_of   = {{PH wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes = {{PH census|current}}
| population_rank    = 
| population_rank_max = 
| density_km2        = {{sigfig| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{formatnum:<!-- Cebu Province -->+{{PH wikidata|population_total}}<!-- Cebu city -->+{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q1467}} <!-- Mandaue -->+{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q1889017}} <!-- minus Bantayan --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q315771}} <!-- minus Cordova --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q315965}} <!-- minus Madridejos --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316080}} <!-- minus Pilar --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316425}} <!-- minus Poro --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316275}} <!-- minus San Francisco --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316332}} <!-- minus Santa Fe --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316370}} <!-- minus Tudela --> +-{{PH wikidata|population_total|Q316564}}|R}}}}}} / 4467.5 |2}}
| density_rank       = 
| density_footnotes  = 
}}

Cebu is located to the east of [[Negros (island)|Negros]], to the west of [[Leyte (island)|Leyte]] and [[Bohol (island)|Bohol]] islands. The province consists of Cebu Island, as well as 167 smaller islands, which include [[Mactan]], [[Bantayan Island|Bantayan]], [[Malapascua Island|Malapascua]], [[Olango Island Group|Olango]] and the [[Camotes Islands]]. But the highly urbanized cities of [[Cebu City|Cebu]], Lapu-Lapu and [[Mandaue]] are [[Independent component city|independent cities]] not under provincial supervision, yet are often grouped with the province for geographical and statistical purposes.

The province's land area is {{convert|4944|km2|sp=us}}, or when the three independent cities (Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue) are included for geographical purposes, the total area is {{convert|5342|km2|sp=us}}.

Cebu's central location, proximity to an unusually exotic tourist destination, ready access to a diversity of plant, animal and geological wonders within the island, and remoteness from earthquake and typhoon activity are some of the special attributes of Cebu.

===Cebu Island===
Cebu Island is the [[List of islands by area#Islands|126th largest island in the world]]. Cebu Island itself is long and narrow, stretching {{convert|196|km|sp=us}} from north to south and {{convert|32|km|sp=us}} across at its widest point.{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2016}} It has narrow coastlines, limestone plateaus, and coastal plains. It also has rolling hills and rugged mountain ranges traversing the northern and southern lengths of the island.

Cebu's highest mountains are over {{convert|1000|m}} high. Flat tracts of land can be found in the city of [[Bogo, Cebu|Bogo]] and in the towns of [[San Remigio, Cebu|San Remigio]], [[Medellin, Cebu|Medellin]] and [[Daanbantayan, Cebu|Daanbantayan]] at the northern region of the province.{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2016}}

The island's area is {{Convert|4468|km2}},{{sfn|Dahl|1998}} making it the 9th largest island in the Philippines. It supports over 5.2 million people,<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |title=Cebu |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Cebu |website=[[Britannica]] |access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> of which an estimated 2.9 million live in [[Metro Cebu]].<ref name="USTDA">{{cite web |title=Philippines: Metro Cebu Intelligent Transportation System Master Plan Technical Assistance |url=https://www.ustda.gov/business_opp_oversea/philippines-metro-cebu-intelligent-transportation-system-master-plan-technical-assistance-2/ |publisher=US Trade and Development Agency |access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref>

Beaches, coral atolls, islands, and rich fishing grounds surround Cebu.

Coal was first discovered in Cebu about 1837. There were 15 localities over the whole island, on both coasts; some desultory mining had been carried out Naga near Mount Uling, but most serious operations were at Licos and Camansi west of Compostela and Danao.{{sfn|Abella y Casariego|1886}} Active work ceased about 1895 with insurrections, and no production worked for more than ten years. A topographic and geologic survey of Compostela, Danao, and Carmen took place in 1906.{{sfn|Smith|1907}} The Compostela-Danao coalfield contained about six million workable tons. The tramroads, one from Danao to Camansi, one from Compostela to Mount Licos, were undertaken in 1895, together with a wagon road built in 1877, from Cotcot to Dapdap.

===Climate===
{{Main|Climate of Cebu}}
The climate of Cebu is tropical. There are 2 seasons in Cebu − the dry and wet season.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://kidlat.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/cab/statfram.htm
|title=Weather
|access-date=April 26, 2017
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525212029/http://kidlat.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/cab/statfram.htm
|archive-date=May 25, 2013
}}</ref> It is dry and sunny most of the year with some occasional rains during the months of June to December. The province of Cebu normally gets typhoons once a year or none.

Northern Cebu gets more rainfall and typhoons than southern Cebu because it has a different climate. [[Typhoon Haiyan]] (Yolanda) hit Northern Cebu in 2013 killing 73 people and injuring 348 others. Though most typhoons hit only the northern part of Cebu, the urban areas in central Cebu are sometimes hit, such as when [[Typhoon Mike]] (Ruping), one of the worst to hit Cebu lashed the central Cebu area in 1990. 31 years later, [[Typhoon Rai]] struck the central and southern portions of the province.

Cebu's temperatures can reach a high of {{convert|36|C|F}} from March to May, and as low as {{convert|18|C|F}} in the mountains during the wet season. The average temperature is around {{convert|24|to|34|C|F}}, and does not fluctuate much except during the month of May, which is the hottest month. Cebu averages 70–80% humidity.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guidetocebu.com/information/weather.html |title=Weather in Cebu |publisher=Guide to Cebu |access-date=July 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826084032/http://www.guidetocebu.com/information/weather.html |archive-date=August 26, 2010 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

===Fauna===
{{see also|List of amphibians and reptiles of Cebu}}
[[File:Copsychus cebuensis 1992 stamp of the Philippines.jpg|thumb|Copsychus cebuensis, the Black Shama (locally called ''Siloy''), is a species of Shama bird that is only found in the island of Cebu. It is currently endangered. It has been observed as far in urban areas as Cebu City, but is mainly abundant in the species' last stronghold, the Nug-as rainforest of [[Alcoy, Cebu|Alcoy]]. It can also be found in Casili, [[Consolacion]] and the mountainous areas of the [[N815 highway|Trans Central Highway]]. The bird was once featured on the official stamp of Cebu of 1992.]]
[[Endemic]] species in Cebu include the Cebu Flowerpecker (''[[Dicaeum quadricolor]]''), Cebu Slender Skink (''[[Brachymeles cebuensis]]''), Uling Goby (''[[Sicyopus cebuensis]]''), and Black Shama (''[[Copsychus cebuensis]]'').

There is also a subspecies of [[Idea leuconoe]] that is only endemic to Cebu. ''I. l. jumaloni'' is endemic to the area of [[Kawasan Falls]] in [[Badian, Cebu|Badian]], hence its common name, the ''Kawasan Paper Kite Butterfly''. The subspecies is also named after Julian Jumalon, a Cebuano [[Lepidopterist]] and butterfly artist. The butterfly can also be observed in the Nug-as rainforest.

===Flora===
Cebu has little remaining forest cover. The remaining forest patches in Cebu are composed primarily of the following tree species.<ref>Supsup, Christian & Puna, Nevong & Asis, Augusto & Redoblado, Bernard & Fatima Panaguinit, Maria & Guinto, Faith & Rico, Edmund & Diesmos, Arvin & Brown, Rafe & Mallari, Neil. (2016). Amphibians and Reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The Poorly Understood Herpetofauna of an Island with Very Little Remaining Natural Habitat. Asian Herpetological Research. 7. 151–179. 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.150049.</ref>

*[[Mount Lantoy]]: ''[[Carallia brachiata]]'' and introduced species ''[[Tectona grandis]]'', ''[[Swietenia macrophylla]]'', ''[[Gmelina arborea]]'', and ''[[Casuarina equisetifolia]]''
*Palinipinon Mountains: ''[[Carallia brachiata]]'' and introduced species ''[[Swietenia macrophylla]]''
*Nug-as forest: ''[[Ficus]]'' spp., ''[[Artocarpus blancoi]]'', ''[[Macaranga grandifolia]]'', and ''[[Cinnamomum cebuense]]''
*Mount Lanaya: ''[[Carallia brachiata]]''
*Mount Tabunan: ''[[Trevesia burckii]]'', ''[[Voacanga globosa]]'', ''[[Heptapleurum actinophyllum]]'', ''[[Pouteria villamilii]]'', and ''[[Palaquium luzoniense]]''

===Administrative divisions===
[[File:Ph fil cebu.png|thumb|right]]
The province of Cebu has '''3''' highly urbanized cities (the capital city of [[Cebu City|Cebu]], [[Lapu-Lapu City|Lapu-Lapu]], and [[Mandaue]]) which are geographically grouped but governed independent from the province, '''6''' component cities ([[Bogo, Cebu|Bogo]], [[Carcar, Cebu|Carcar]], [[Danao, Cebu|Danao]], [[Naga, Cebu|Naga]], [[Talisay, Cebu|Talisay]], and [[Toledo, Cebu|Toledo]]), and '''44''' municipalities for a total of '''53''' units as listed below:
{{PH town table|top}}
{{PH town table|072201000| [[Alcantara, Cebu|Alcantara]] |Q315636 | 13556}}
{{PH town table|072202000| [[Alcoy, Cebu|Alcoy]] |Q315655 | 14757}}
{{PH town table|072203000| [[Alegria, Cebu|Alegria]] |Q315669 | 22072}}
{{PH town table|072204000| [[Aloguinsan]] |Q315687 | 27650}}
{{PH town table|072205000| [[Argao]] |Q315703 | 69503}}
{{PH town table|072206000| [[Asturias, Cebu|Asturias]] |Q315719 | 44732}}
{{PH town table|072207000| [[Badian, Cebu|Badian]] |Q315733 | 37699}}
{{PH town table|072208000| [[Balamban]] |Q315754 | 71237}}
{{PH town table|072209000| [[Bantayan, Cebu|Bantayan]] |Q315771 | 74785}}
{{PH town table|072210000| [[Barili]] |Q315790 | 65524}}
{{PH town table|072211000| [[Bogo, Cebu|Bogo]] |Q890623 | 69911 |8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072212000| [[Boljoon]] |Q315809 | 14877}}
{{PH town table|072213000| [[Borbon, Cebu|Borbon]] |Q315827 | 32278}}
{{PH town table|072214000| [[Carcar]] |Q315851 |100632 |8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072215000| [[Carmen, Cebu|Carmen]] |Q315882 | 41279}}
{{PH town table|072216000| [[Catmon]] |Q315900 | 27330}}
{{PH town table|072217000| [[Cebu City]]∞ |Q1467 |866171|8=huc}}
{{PH town table|072218000| [[Compostela, Cebu|Compostela]] |Q315923 | 39167}}
{{PH town table|072219000| [[Consolacion]] |Q315945 |106649 }}
{{PH town table|072220000| [[Cordova, Cebu|Cordova]] |Q315965 | 50353}}
{{PH town table|072221000| [[Daanbantayan]] |Q315981 | 74897}}
{{PH town table|072222000| [[Dalaguete]] |Q316001 | 63239}}
{{PH town table|072223000| [[Danao, Cebu|Danao]] |Q1159273|119252|8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072224000| [[Dumanjug]] |Q316019 | 46754}}
{{PH town table|072225000| [[Ginatilan]] |Q316037 | 15327}}
{{PH town table|072226000| [[Lapu-Lapu City]] |Q574903 |350467|8=huc}}
{{PH town table|072227000| [[Liloan, Cebu|Liloan]] |Q316056 |100500}}
{{PH town table|072228000| [[Madridejos, Cebu|Madridejos]] |Q316080 | 34905}}
{{PH town table|072229000| [[Malabuyoc]] |Q316101 | 18426}}
{{PH town table|072230000| [[Mandaue]] |Q1889017|331320|8=huc}}
{{PH town table|072231000| [[Medellin, Cebu|Medellin]] |Q316125 | 50047}}
{{PH town table|072232000| [[Minglanilla]] |Q316146 |113178}}
{{PH town table|072233000| [[Moalboal]] |Q316171 | 27676}}
{{PH town table|072234000| [[Naga, Cebu|Naga]] |Q316197 |101571|8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072235000| [[Oslob]] |Q316230 | 26116}}
{{PH town table|072236000| [[Pilar, Cebu|Pilar]] |Q316245 | 11564}}
{{PH town table|072237000| [[Pinamungajan]] |Q316259 | 57997}}
{{PH town table|072238000| [[Poro, Cebu|Poro]] |Q316275 | 23498}}
{{PH town table|072239000| [[Ronda, Cebu|Ronda]] |Q316289 | 18582}}
{{PH town table|072240000| [[Samboan]] |Q316303 | 18613}}
{{PH town table|072241000| [[San Fernando, Cebu|San Fernando]] |Q316318 | 60970}}
{{PH town table|072242000| [[San Francisco, Cebu|San Francisco]] |Q316332 | 47357}}
{{PH town table|072243000| [[San Remigio, Cebu|San Remigio]] |Q316350 | 51394}}
{{PH town table|072244000| [[Santa Fe, Cebu|Santa Fe]] |Q316370 | 27270}}
{{PH town table|072245000| [[Santander, Cebu|Santander]] |Q316386 | 16105}}
{{PH town table|072246000| [[Sibonga]] |Q316404 | 43641}}
{{PH town table|072247000| [[Sogod, Cebu|Sogod]] |Q316432 | 30626}}
{{PH town table|072248000| [[Tabogon]] |Q316453 | 33024}}
{{PH town table|072249000| [[Tabuelan]] |Q316474 | 22292}}
{{PH town table|072250000| [[Talisay, Cebu|Talisay]] |Q316500 |200772|8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072251000| [[Toledo, Cebu|Toledo]] |Q316527 |157078|8=cc}}
{{PH town table|072252000| [[Tuburan, Cebu|Tuburan]] |Q316547 | 58914}}
{{PH town table|072253000| [[Tudela, Cebu|Tudela]] |Q316564 | 9859}}
{{PH town table|bottom|4=2619362|8=cc,huc}}
{{Center|<small>∞ Largest settlement</small>}}