Editing Casein (section)

===Casein allergy ===
A small fraction of the population is [[Allergy|allergic]] to casein.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Solinas C, Corpino M, Maccioni R, Pelosi U | title = Cow's milk protein allergy | journal = The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine | volume = 23| issue = Suppl 3 | pages = 76–79 | date = October 2010 | pmid = 20836734 | doi = 10.3109/14767058.2010.512103 | s2cid = 3189637 }}</ref> Casein [[Food intolerance|intolerance]], also known as "milk protein intolerance", is experienced when the body cannot break down the proteins of casein.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-12-24|title=Dairy Intolerance: What It Is and How to Determine If You Have It|url=https://www.marksdailyapple.com/dairy-intolerance-what-it-is-and-how-to-determine-if-you-have-it/|access-date=2020-11-18|website=Mark's Daily Apple|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115120936/https://www.marksdailyapple.com/dairy-intolerance-what-it-is-and-how-to-determine-if-you-have-it/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The prevalence of casein allergy or intolerance ranges from 0.25% to 4.9% of young children.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cow's Milk Allergy in Children {{!}} World Allergy Organization|url=https://www.worldallergy.org/education-and-programs/education/allergic-disease-resource-center/professionals/cows-milk-allergy-in-children|access-date=2020-11-18|website=www.worldallergy.org|archive-date=2020-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124091200/https://www.worldallergy.org/education-and-programs/education/allergic-disease-resource-center/professionals/cows-milk-allergy-in-children|url-status=dead}}</ref> Numbers for older children and adults are not known. A significant portion of those on the autism spectrum have an intolerance or allergy to casein protein into adulthood. This can be used by clinicians and dietitians to spot autism in those who may not present with traditional [[autistic traits]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanctuary MR, Kain JN, Angkustsiri K, German JB | title = Dietary Considerations in Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Potential Role of Protein Digestion and Microbial Putrefaction in the Gut-Brain Axis | journal = Frontiers in Nutrition | volume = 5 | pages = 40 | date = 2018-05-18 | pmid = 29868601 | pmc = 5968124 | doi = 10.3389/fnut.2018.00040 | doi-access = free }}</ref>{{Verify source|date=July 2022|reason=The cited paper doesn't claim that casein intolerance can be used to diagnose autism. Additionally, this seems like an overgeneralization of the claim that many people with autism have an intolerance to casein.}} A [[Gluten-free, casein-free diet|diet known as casein-free, gluten free]] (CFGF) is commonly practiced by these individuals after discovering their intolerance or allergy.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

Casein that is heat-treated has been shown to be more allergenic and harder to digest when fed to infants.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dupont D, Mandalari G, Mollé D, Jardin J, Rolet-Répécaud O, Duboz G, Léonil J, Mills CE, Mackie AR | display-authors = 6 | title = Food processing increases casein resistance to simulated infant digestion | journal = Molecular Nutrition & Food Research | volume = 54 | issue = 11 | pages = 1677–1689 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 20521278 | doi = 10.1002/mnfr.200900582 | url = https://hal.science/hal-04301374 }}</ref> Breast milk has not typically been shown to cause an allergic reaction, but should be administered to an infant with caution each time in case of [[Allergic Reaction|adverse reaction]] from something the breastfeeding parent consumed that contained casein. Following a [[Gluten-free, casein-free diet|casein-free diet]] has been shown to improve outcomes of infants who are breastfed while allergic or intolerant to dairy protein.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infant Allergies and Food Sensitivities|url=https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/breastfeeding/Pages/Infant-Allergies-and-Food-Sensitivities.aspx|access-date=2020-11-18|website=HealthyChildren.org|date=2 November 2009 }}</ref> [[Breast milk|Human breast milk]] has been proven to be the best food for an infant, and should be tried first where available.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Breastfeeding|url=https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/breastfeeding|access-date=2020-11-18|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref>

Supplementation of [[Protease|protease enzyme]] has been shown to help casein intolerant individuals digest the protein with minimal adverse reaction.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Christensen LR | title = The action of proteolytic enzymes on casein proteins | journal = Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics | volume = 53 | issue = 1 | pages = 128–137 | date = November 1954 | pmid = 13208290 | doi = 10.1016/0003-9861(54)90240-4 }}</ref>