Editing Butterfly (section)

===Mating===

When the butterfly ''Bicyclus anynana'' is subjected to repeated inbreeding in the laboratory, there is a dramatic decrease in egg hatching.<ref name="Saccheri1996">Saccheri IJ, Brakefield PM, Nichols RA. "Severe Inbreeding Depression and Rapid Fitness Rebound in the Butterfly ''Bicyclus anynana'' (Satyridae)". ''Evolution''. 1996 Oct; 50 (5): 2000-2013. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03587.x. PMID 28565613</ref> This severe [[inbreeding depression]] is considered to be likely due to a relatively high [[mutation rate]] to recessive [[allele]]s with substantial damaging effects and infrequent episodes of [[inbreeding]] in nature that might otherwise purge such mutations.<ref name = Saccheri1996/> Although ''B. anynana'' experiences inbreeding depression when forcibly inbred in the laboratory it recovers within a few generation when allowed to breed freely.<ref name="Robertson2020">Robertson DN, Sullivan TJ, Westerman EL. Lack of sibling avoidance during mate selection in the butterfly ''Bicyclus anynana''. ''Behavioural Processes''. 2020 Apr; 173: 104062. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104062. Epub 2020 Jan 22. PMID 31981681</ref> During mate selection, adult females do not innately avoid or learn to avoid siblings, implying that such detection may not be critical to reproductive fitness.<ref name = Robertson2020/> Inbreeding may persist in ''B anynana'' because the probability of encountering close relatives is rare in nature; that is, movement ecology may mask the deleterious effect of inbreeding resulting in relaxation of selection for active inbreeding avoidance behaviors.