Editing Brno (section)

==Transport==
{{See also|Trams in Brno}}
[[File:Šalina jedoucí od České vyrez.jpg|thumb|Tram service is the backbone of the public transport in Brno.]]
[[File:Brno departure terminal.jpg|thumb|left|Brno-Tuřany Airport is the second busiest airport in the Czech Republic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kr-jihomoravsky.cz/Default.aspx?ID=27204&TypeID=2|title=Portál Jihomoravského kraje – Základní údaje o Jihomoravském kraji – Základní údaje o Jihomoravském kraji|access-date=26 September 2011|language=cs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327133055/http://www.kr-jihomoravsky.cz/Default.aspx?ID=27204&TypeID=2|archive-date=27 March 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>]]
[[File:Brno - Hlavní nádraží.jpg|thumb|Brno main railway station]]

Public transport in Brno consists of 12 [[Trams in Brno|tram]] lines, 14 [[trolleybus]] lines (the largest trolleybus network in the Czech Republic<!-- Europe<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.civitas-initiative.org/index.php?id=66&sel_menu=35&city_id=91|title=CIVITAS :: CIVITAS City|publisher=The CIVITAS Initiative|access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref> -->) and almost 40 day and 11 night bus lines.<ref name="dpmbjr">{{cite web|url=http://www.idsjmk.cz/EN/linky.aspx|title=Timetable of IDS JMK|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012233038/http://idsjmk.cz/EN/linky.aspx|archive-date=12 October 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Trams (known locally as ''šaliny''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.draznivozidla.estranky.cz/fotoalbum/tramvaje---saliny/brno-kt8d5-na-stranske-skale.html|title=Dražní vozidla – Fotoalbum – Tramvaje – Šaliny – Brno KT8D5 na Stranské Skale|website=draznivozidla.estranky.cz}}</ref>) first appeared on the streets in 1869; this was the first operation of [[horse-drawn tram]]s in the modern-day Czech Republic.<ref name="dpmbhistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.dpmb.cz/hist.asp|title=Dopravní podnik města Brna, a.s. Historie|publisher=DPmB|language=cs|access-date=6 September 2011|archive-date=6 October 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006152522/http://www.dpmb.cz/hist.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> The local public transport system is interconnected with regional public transport in one integrated system (IDS JMK), and directly connects several nearby municipalities with the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idsjmk.cz/EN/|title=IDS JMK – Integrated public transport system in the City of Brno and the Southern Moravia Region|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110729064318/http://www.idsjmk.cz/en/|archive-date=29 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its main operator is the Brno City Transport Company (DPmB), which also operates a mostly recreational ferry route at the [[Brno Dam Lake]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dpmb.cz/e10.asp|title=Dopravní podnik města Brna, a.s.|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-date=11 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911143908/http://www.dpmb.cz/e10.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> A tourist [[minibus]] provides a brief tour of the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ticbrno.cz/en/sightseeing-minibus-tours|title=Sightseeing minibus tours|date=20 October 2022 |access-date=23 May 2023}}</ref>

Railway transport began operating in the city in 1839 on the Brno–Vienna line, the first operating railway line in the modern-day Czech Republic.<ref name="thefirsttrain">{{cite web|url=http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ct24/domaci/doprava/57112-prvni-parni-vlak-do-dnesniho-ceska-prijel-z-vidne-do-brna/|title=První parní vlak do dnešního Česka přijel z Vídně do Brna|publisher=[[CZech Television]]|language=cs|access-date=6 September 2011}}</ref> Today, Brno is a transnational railway hub, with nine stations for passenger traffic. The current [[Brno main railway station|main railway station]] is the central hub of regional train services, used by about 50,000 passengers every day, with around 500 trains passing through. The station is operating at full capacity;<ref name="bmrs">{{cite web|url=http://brno.idnes.cz/hlavni-nadrazi-v-brne-neni-nafukovaci-nektere-vlaky-proto-konci-v-zidenicich-1vy-/brno-zpravy.aspx?c=A101214_1498652_brno-zpravy_bor|title=Hlavní nádraží v Brně není nafukovací, některé vlaky proto končí v Židenicích|date=14 December 2010 |publisher=iDNES.cz|language=cs|access-date=6 September 2011}}</ref> the main station building is outdated and lacks sufficient operating capacity, but the construction of the new station has been postponed several times for various reasons.<ref name="bmrs"/> A [[Brno central station referendum, 2016|referendum]] over whether to move the station was held on 7 and 8 October 2016, coinciding with [[Czech regional elections, 2016|regional elections]].

Brno is also an international road transport crossroads. There are two [[motorway]]s on the southern edge of the city: the D1 leading to [[Ostrava]] and [[Prague]], and the D2 leading to [[Bratislava]].<ref name="highways">{{cite book|title=Roads and Motorways in the Czech Republic 2009|year=2009|publisher=The Czech Road and Motorway Directorate|url=http://www.rsd.cz/rsd/rsd.nsf/0/80345976071FCBACC12575CF004E133E/$file/RSD2009en.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221195307/http://www.rsd.cz/rsd/rsd.nsf/0/80345976071FCBACC12575CF004E133E/$file/RSD2009en.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 February 2011}}</ref> Not far from the city limits is the [[D52 motorway]] leading to [[Vienna]]. Another planned motorway, the [[D43 motorway (Czech Republic)|D43]], will connect Brno to northwestern Moravia.<ref name="highways"/> The city is gradually building the large city [[ring road]] (road I/42). Several road tunnels have been built at Pisarky, Husovice, Hlinky, and Královo pole, and more are planned.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mestsky-okruh-brno.cz/useky-vmo-brno|title=Velký městský okruh Brno (VMO Brno) – Úseky VMO Brno|publisher=Ředitelsví silnic a dálnic ČR|language=cs|access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref> Due to the congestion in private transport, the city is continuing to try to build more [[parking ramp]]s, including underground, but these efforts have not always been successful.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brno.idnes.cz/s-firmou-ktera-mela-stavet-parkovaci-domy-brno-neprodlouzi-smlouvu-11a-/Brno-zpravy.aspx?c=A110209_1529279_brno-zpravy_dmk|title=S firmou, která měla stavět parkovací domy, Brno neprodlouží smlouvu|date=10 February 2011 |publisher=iDNES.cz|language=cs|access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref>

Air transport is enabled by two functional airports. The public international airport, [[Brno-Tuřany Airport]], saw a sharp increase in passenger traffic up to 2011, however the number of passengers declined in the following years, especially during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic|COVID-19 pandemic]]. The airport also serves as one of the two bases for police helicopters in the Czech Republic. The other airport, [[Medlánky Airport]], is a small domestic airport serving mainly recreational activities such as flying [[hot air balloon]]s, [[glider aircraft|gliders]] or aircraft [[RC model]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akmedlanky.cz/|title=Aeroklub Brno Medlánky|language=cs|access-date=7 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frc-er.cz/|title=Stránky medláneckých leteckých modelářů|language=cs|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091225100110/http://www.frc-er.cz/|archive-date=25 December 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://letistecr.cz/zajimavosti/circa-urbem-brunensis-2-netopyrky-za-kominem.aspx|title=Zajímavosti: Circa urbem Brunensis 2. – Netopýrky za Komínem|publisher=MAGAZÍN LETIŠTĚ ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY|language=cs|access-date=7 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402061201/http://letistecr.cz/zajimavosti/circa-urbem-brunensis-2-netopyrky-za-kominem.aspx|archive-date=2 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Cycling is widespread in Brno due to lowland nature of the landscape. Existing tracks for cycling and roller skating in 2011 totalled approximately {{convert|38|km}}, and are gradually being expanded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brnonakole.cz/zmeny-mesta-v-roce-2010/|title=Brno na kole » Změny města v roce 2010|date=28 January 2011 |language=cs|access-date=6 September 2011}}</ref> There is also one long [[bikeway]] leading to [[Vienna]], approximately {{convert|130|km}} long.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyklobrnowien.cz/cyklostezka/|title=O nás – Cyklostezka Brno Vídeň|language=cs|access-date=6 September 2011}}</ref> Several hiking trails of the Czech Tourist Club also pass through Brno.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Doleželová |first=Martina Fojtů, eng Jana |date=2019-08-26 |title=Discovering Brno and its surroundings will keep you busy |url=https://www.em.muni.cz/en/news/12004-discovering-brno-and-its-surroundings-will-keep-you-busy |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=em.muni.cz}}</ref>