Editing Bottom-up and top-down design (section)

== Architecture ==
Often the [[École des Beaux-Arts]] school of design is said to have primarily promoted top-down design because it taught that an architectural design should begin with a [[parti pris|parti]], a basic plan drawing of the overall project.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brain |first=David |date=1989 |title=Discipline & Style: The Ecole des Beaux-Arts and the Social Production of an American Architecture |journal=Theory and Society |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=807–868 |doi=10.1007/BF00147159 |jstor=657482 |s2cid=146875404 |issn=0304-2421|doi-access=free }}</ref>

By contrast, the [[Bauhaus]] focused on bottom-up design. This method manifested itself in the study of translating small-scale organizational systems to a larger, more architectural scale (as with the wood panel carving and furniture design).