Editing Bordeaux (section)

=== Wine ===
{{Main|Bordeaux wine}}
[[File:Haut Brion exterior.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Château Haut-Brion]]]]

The vine was introduced to the Bordeaux region by the Romans, probably in the mid-first century, to provide wine for local consumption, and wine production has been continuous in the region since.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Hugh |title=World Atlas of Wine |publisher=Octopus Publishing Group Ltd |year=1994 |edition=4th |location=London |page=13}}</ref>

[[File:1 Saint-Émilion aerial pano 2016.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Saint-Émilion]] aerial view]]

Bordeaux wine growing area has about {{convert|116160|ha|acre}} of [[vineyard]]s, 57 [[appellations]], 10,000 wine-producing estates (châteaux) and 13,000 grape growers. With an annual production of approximately 960&nbsp;million bottles,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bordeaux Wine Region in France: World's Most Famous Fine Wine Region |date=16 March 2007 |url=http://www.intowine.com/bordeaux.html |access-date=23 October 2009 |publisher=IntoWine.com |archive-date=19 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919012556/http://www.intowine.com/bordeaux.html |url-status=live}}</ref> the Bordeaux area produces large quantities of everyday wine as well as some of the most expensive wines in the world. Included among the latter are the area's five ''premier cru'' ([[First Growth]]) red wines (four from [[Médoc]] and one, [[Château Haut-Brion]], from [[Graves (wine region)|Graves]]), established by the [[Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855]]:

Both red and white wines are made in the Bordeaux region. Red Bordeaux wine is called [[claret]] in the United Kingdom. Red wines are generally made from a blend of grapes, and may be made from [[Cabernet Sauvignon]], [[Merlot]], [[Cabernet Franc]], [[Petit verdot]], [[Malbec]], and, less commonly in recent years, [[Carménère]].

White Bordeaux is made from [[Sauvignon blanc]], [[Sémillon]], and [[Muscadelle]]. [[Graves (wine region)|Sauternes]] is a sub-region of Graves known for its intensely sweet, white, [[dessert wine]]s such as [[Château d'Yquem]].

Because of a wine glut ([[wine lake]]) in the generic production, the price squeeze induced by an increasingly strong international competition, and [[vine pull schemes]], the number of growers has recently dropped from 14,000 and the area under vine has also decreased significantly. In the meantime, the global demand for first growths and the most famous labels markedly increased and their prices skyrocketed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mercer |first=Chris |date=2023-03-03 |title=Bordeaux agrees funding to pull up vineyards |url=https://www.decanter.com/wine-news/bordeaux-agrees-funding-to-pull-up-vineyards-498764/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=Decanter |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Cité du Vin]], a museum as well as a place of exhibitions, shows, movie projections and academic seminars on the theme of wine opened its doors in June 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 2016 |title=Bordeaux : la Cité du vin cernée par les chantiers |url=http://www.sudouest.fr/2016/02/19/la-cite-du-vin-cernee-par-les-chantiers-2278033-2780.php |language=fr |access-date=22 February 2016 |archive-date=22 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222074509/http://www.sudouest.fr/2016/02/19/la-cite-du-vin-cernee-par-les-chantiers-2278033-2780.php |url-status=live}}</ref>