Editing Bavarian language (section)

== Grammar ==

* Bavarian usually has case inflection only for the article. With very few exceptions, nouns are not inflected for case.
* The [[preterite|simple past]] tense is very rare in Bavarian and has been retained for only a few verbs, including 'to be' and 'to want'. In general, the perfect is used to express past time.
* Bavarian features verbal inflection for several moods such as [[indicative]], [[subjunctive]], [[imperative mood|imperative]] and [[optative]]. See the table below for inflection of the Bavarian verb {{lang|bar|måcha}}, 'make; do':
{| class="wikitable"
! width="40" | {{lang|bar|måcha}}
! width="140" | Indicative
! width="140" | Imperative
! width="140" | Subjunctive
! width="140" | Optative
|-
|1.&nbsp;Sg||{{lang|bar|i måch}}||—||{{lang|bar|i måchad}}||{{lang|bar|måchadi}}
|-
|2.&nbsp;Sg (informal)||{{lang|bar|du måchst}}||{{lang|bar|måch!}}||{{lang|bar|du måchast}}||{{lang|bar|måchast}}
|-
|3.&nbsp;Sg||{{lang|bar|er måcht}}||{{lang|bar|er måch!}}||{{lang|bar|er måchad}}||{{lang|bar|måchada}}
|-
|1.&nbsp;Pl||{{lang|bar|mia måchan*}}||{{lang|bar|måchma!}}||{{lang|bar|mia måchadn}}||{{lang|bar|måchadma}}
|-
|2.&nbsp;Pl||{{lang|bar|eß måchts}}||{{lang|bar|måchts!}}||{{lang|bar|eß måchats}}||{{lang|bar|måchats}}
|-
|3.&nbsp;Pl||{{lang|bar|se måchan(t)}}||—||{{lang|bar|se måchadn}}||{{lang|bar|måchadns}}
|-
|2.&nbsp;Sg (formal)||{{lang|bar|Si måchan}}||{{lang|bar|måchan’S!}}||{{lang|bar|Si måchadn}}||{{lang|bar|måchadn’S}}
|}

===Pronouns===
====Personal pronouns====
{| class="wikitable" 
|-
!||colspan=4|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
!!!1st person !!2nd person informal!!2nd person formal!!3rd person
!1st person!!2nd person!!3rd person
|-
!Nominative
|{{lang|bar|i}}||{{lang|bar|du}}||{{lang|bar|Si}}||{{lang|bar|ea}}, {{lang|bar|se}}/{{lang|bar|de}}, {{lang|bar|des}}||{{lang|bar|mia}}||{{lang|bar|eß}}/{{lang|bar|öß}} / {{lang|bar|ia*}}||{{lang|bar|se}}
|-
|''Unstressed''
|{{lang|bar|i}}||--|| {{lang|bar|-'S}}|| {{lang|bar|-a}}, {{lang|bar|-'s}}, {{lang|bar|-'s}}|| {{lang|bar|-ma}}|| {{lang|bar|-'s}}|| {{lang|bar|-'s}}
|-
!Dative
|{{lang|bar|mia}}||{{lang|bar|dia}}||{{lang|bar|Eana}}||{{lang|bar|eam}}, {{lang|bar|eara}}/{{lang|bar|iara}}, {{lang|bar|dem}}||{{lang|bar|uns}}, {{lang|bar|ins}}||{{lang|bar|enk}} / {{lang|bar|eich*}}||{{lang|bar|ea}}, {{lang|bar|eana}}
|-
|''Unstressed''
| {{lang|bar|-ma}}|| {{lang|bar|-da}}|| || || || ||
|-
!Accusative
| {{lang|bar|-mi}}|| {{lang|bar|-di}}||{{lang|bar|Eana}}||{{lang|bar|eam}}, {{lang|bar|eara}}/{{lang|bar|iara}}, {{lang|bar|des}}||{{lang|bar|uns}}, {{lang|bar|ins}}||{{lang|bar|enk}} / {{lang|bar|eich*}}||{{lang|bar|ea}}, {{lang|bar|eana}}
|-
|''Unstressed''
| || ||{{lang|bar|Si}}|| {{lang|bar|-'n}}, ..., {{lang|bar|-'s}}|| || || {{lang|bar|-'s}}
|}

<small>* These are typically used in the very northern dialects of Bavarian.</small>

====Possessive pronouns====

{| class="wikitable" 
|-
! !! colspan="2" |Masculine singular!! colspan="2" |Feminine singular!! colspan="2" |Neuter singular!!Plural (any gender)
|-
!Nominative
|mei
|meina|| rowspan="2" |mei
| rowspan="2" |meine|| rowspan="2" |mei
| rowspan="2" |mei(n)s|| rowspan="3" |meine
|-
!Accusative
| colspan="2" |mein
|-
!Dative
| colspan="2" |meim|| colspan="2" |meina|| colspan="2" |meim
|}

The possessive pronouns ''Deina'' and ''Seina'' inflect in the same manner. Oftentimes, ''-nige'' is added to the nominative to form the adjective form of the possessive pronoun, like mei(nige), dei(nige), and the like.

====Indefinite pronouns====

Just like the possessive pronouns listed above, the indefinite pronouns ''koana'', "none", and ''oana'', "one" are inflected the same way.

There is also the indefinite pronoun ''ebba(d)'', "someone" with its impersonal form ''ebb(a)s'', "something". It is inflected in the following way:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!!!Personal!!Impersonal
|-
!Nominative
|ebba|| rowspan="2" |ebbs
|-
!Accusative
|ebban
|-
!Dative
| colspan="2" |ebbam
|}

====Interrogative pronouns====
The interrogative pronouns ''wea'', "who", and ''wås'', "what" are inflected the same way the indefinite pronoun ''ebba'' is inflected.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!!!Personal!!Impersonal
|-
!Nominative
|wea|| rowspan="2" |wås
|-
!Accusative
|wen
|-
!Dative
| colspan="2" |wem
|}