Editing Batman Returns (section)

===Penguins===
[[Stan Winston|Stan Winston Studio]] provided animatronic penguins and costumes to supplement Penguin's army. Thirty animatronic versions were made: ten each of the {{convert|18|in|cm|adj=on}} black-footed, {{convert|32|in|cm|adj=on}} King, and {{convert|36|in|cm|adj=on}} Emperor penguins.<ref name="THRReturnsat25"/><ref name="AFICatalog"/><ref name="StanWinstonPenguinArmy"/> Costumes worn by little people were slightly larger than the animatronics; the actors controlled walking, the mechanized heads were remote-controlled and the wings were puppeteered.<ref name="StanWinstonPenguinArmy"/> Dyed black chicken feathers were used for the penguin bodies.<ref name="THRReturnsat25"/><ref name="AFICatalog"/> McCreery's designs for the penguin army initially included a flamethrower, which was replaced with a rocket launcher. Mechanical-effects designers Richard Landon and Craig Caton-Largent supervised the manufacture of the animatronics, which required nearly 200 different mechanical parts to control the head, neck, eyes, beak, and wings.<ref name="StanWinstonPenguinArmy"/> [[Boss Film Studios]] produced the CGI penguins.<ref name="THRReturnsat25"/><ref name="AFICatalog"/>