Editing Atropine (section)

==Synthesis==
Atropine can be synthesized by the reaction of [[tropine]] with [[tropic acid]] in the presence of [[hydrochloric acid]].

===Biosynthesis===

The biosynthesis of atropine starting from [[Phenylalanine|''l''-phenylalanine]] first undergoes a [[transamination]] forming [[phenylpyruvic acid]] which is then reduced to phenyl-lactic acid.<ref name=dewick>{{cite book| vauthors = Dewick PM |title=Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach|edition=3rd|date=9 March 2009|publisher=A John Wiley & Sons|location=Chichester|isbn=978-0-470-74167-2}}</ref>  Coenzyme A then couples phenyl-lactic acid with [[tropine]] forming [[littorine]], which then undergoes a radical rearrangement initiated with a [[P450|P450 enzyme]] forming hyoscyamine aldehyde.<ref name=dewick/>  A [[dehydrogenase]] then reduces the aldehyde to a primary alcohol making (−)-hyoscyamine, which upon racemization forms atropine.<ref name=dewick/>