Editing Astana (section)

==Economy==
[[File:KazMunayGaz in Astana Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|KazMunayGas headquarters]]
Astana's economy is based on [[trade]], [[industrial production]], [[transport]], [[communication]] and [[construction]]. The city's industrial production is mainly focused on producing [[List of building materials|building materials]], [[food]]stuff and [[mechanical engineering]].

Astana is a major hub of the [[Belt and Road Initiative]], including for financial services and legal services connected to BRI projects.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Curtis |first1=Simon |title=The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China's Search for a New International Order |last2=Klaus |first2=Ian |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=9780300266900 |location=New Haven and London |publication-date=2024}}</ref>{{Rp|page=44}}

Astana is the leader in the CIS region on Global Financial Centers Index rank in 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-09-23 |title=How did Astana and Almaty Rank on Global Financial Centers Index? |pages=1 |work=The Qazaqstan Monitor |url=https://qazmonitor.com/business/870/how-did-astana-and-almaty-rank-on-global-financial-centers-index}}</ref>

The Astana International Financial Center (AIFC) opened in July 2018 to become a hub for financial services in Central Asia.<ref name="aifchub">{{cite web |title=Kazakhstan: Staff Concluding Statement of the 2018 Article IV Mission |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/06/28/ms062818-kazakhstan-staff-concluding-statement-of-the-2018-article-iv-mission |publisher=IMF |access-date=28 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629022202/https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/06/28/ms062818-kazakhstan-staff-concluding-statement-of-the-2018-article-iv-mission |archive-date=29 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Astana is the headquarters of [[State-owned enterprise|state-owned corporations]] such as [[Samruk-Kazyna]], [[Kazakhstan Temir Zholy]], [[KazMunayGas]], [[KazTransOil]], [[Kazatomprom]], [[KEGOC]], [[Kazpost]] and [[Kazakhtelecom]].

The shift of the capital has given it a powerful boost to Astana's economic development. The high economic growth rate of the city has attracted numerous investors. In the 16 years since Astana became the capital, the volume of investments has increased by almost 30 times, the gross regional product has increased by 90 times,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.tengrinews.kz/politics_sub/Astana-celebrates-16th-anniversary-as-Kazakhstans-capital-254091/ |title=Astana celebrates 16th anniversary as Kazakhstan's capital |publisher=Tengrinews.kz |date=9 July 2014 |access-date=19 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219114057/http://en.tengrinews.kz/politics_sub/Astana-celebrates-16th-anniversary-as-Kazakhstans-capital-254091/ |archive-date=19 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and industrial output has increased by 11 times. The city's [[Gross Regional Product]] makes up about 8.5 per cent of the republic's [[Gross domestic product]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.undp.kz/library_of_publications/files/2617-27836.pdf |title=Poverty in Kazakhstan: Causes and Cures |access-date=19 February 2015 |publisher=UNDP Kazakhstan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183619/http://www.undp.kz/library_of_publications/files/2617-27836.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>

The Astana – New City [[special economic zone]] was established in 2001 to help develop industry and increase the attractiveness of the city to investors.<ref name="sez">{{cite web|title=Five projects to be launched in Astana industrial park this year |url=http://www.timesca.com/news/14947-five-projects-to-be-launched-in-astana-industrial-park-this-year |publisher=The Times of Central Asia |date=5 February 2015 |access-date=20 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219233616/http://www.timesca.com/news/14947-five-projects-to-be-launched-in-astana-industrial-park-this-year |archive-date=19 February 2015}}</ref> The SEZ plans to commission five projects worth 20 billion KZT (around $108 million) in the Industrial Park No. 1 in 2015.<ref name="sez"/> The projects include construction of a plant for production of [[diesel engine]]s, a [[fast food]] complex, temporary storage warehouses and a business center, a furniture factory, and production of military and civil engineering machinery.<ref name="sez"/> The new [[Astana International Financial Centre]] opened in July 2018.

Astana's administration is promoting the development of small and medium-sized businesses through the cooperation of the Sovereign Welfare Fund [[Samruk-Kazyna]] and National Economic Chamber. Support is provided by a special programme of crediting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Over 170 thousand of people involved in small and medium enterprise in Astana |url=http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/291 |publisher=Akimat of Astana |date=14 March 2014 |access-date=26 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216030904/http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/291 |archive-date=16 February 2015}}</ref> As a result, the number of small and medium-sized businesses increased by 13.7% to over 96,000 compared to the previous year as of 1 July 2015.<ref name="sme12">{{cite web|title=Number of small and medium-sized business entities grew by 13.7% in Astana|url=http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2796781|website=inform.kz|access-date=14 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714234612/http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2796781|archive-date=14 July 2015|url-status=live|date=14 July 2015}}</ref> In addition, the number of people employed in small and medium-sized business increased by 17.8% to over 234,000 people as of 1 April 2015.<ref name="sme12"/>

Astana was included in the list of top 21 intelligent communities of the world, according to the report released by the Intelligent Community Forum in October 2016. The rating list includes the cities, regions and communities which use digital instruments for the construction of local economy and society.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Smart21 Communities of the Year|url=http://www.intelligentcommunity.org/smart21|website=www.intelligentcommunity.org|access-date=4 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105084101/http://www.intelligentcommunity.org/smart21|archive-date=5 January 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2018, Astana attracted more than three trillion tenge (US$7.91 billion) in foreign direct investment, a record amount for the city. The growth was achieved due to a large number of construction projects.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://astanatimes.com/2019/04/nur-sultan-launches-effort-to-attract-other-year-of-record-foreign-direct-investment-says-city-administration/|title=Nur-Sultan launches effort to attract another year of record foreign direct investment, says city administration|last=April 2019|first=Dilshat Zhussupova in Nur-Sultan on 26|date=26 April 2019|website=The Astana Times|language=en|access-date=2019-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709171720/https://astanatimes.com/2019/04/nur-sultan-launches-effort-to-attract-other-year-of-record-foreign-direct-investment-says-city-administration/|archive-date=9 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Tourism becomes one of the factors that drive economic growth in the city. Astana is among the top ten most attractive tourist cities in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).<ref>{{cite web |title=Nur-Sultan, Almaty among 10 most popular tourist cities in CIS |url=https://astanatimes.com/2019/10/nur-sultan-almaty-among-10-most-popular-tourist-cities-in-cis/ |website=astanatimes.com |access-date=24 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024141224/https://astanatimes.com/2019/10/nur-sultan-almaty-among-10-most-popular-tourist-cities-in-cis/ |archive-date=24 October 2019 |url-status=dead |date=16 October 2019}}</ref>