Editing Aeolian Islands (section)

===1000–1600===
The [[Norman conquest of Sicily]] from the Emirate of Sicily in 1061 resulted in the annexation of the islands. [[Roger II of Sicily]] sent the [[Benedictine monks]] to [[Lipari]], which gave rise to considerable development on the islands. A cathedral dedicated to [[Saint Bartholomew]] was built, as well as the Benedictine monastery in the castle. In 1208 [[Frederick II, Duke of Swabia|Frederick II]] of [[Swabia]] acceded to the throne of the [[Kingdom of Sicily]]. The period of prosperity which followed, ended with the domination of the [[Angevin Empire|Angevins]] and the rebellion of the Sicilians which culminated in the revolt of the [[Sicilian Vespers]]. The Aeolians however, remained loyal to [[Charles of Anjou]], and commercial links were established with [[Naples]], the capital of the Angevin kingdom. In 1337 [[Lipari]] opened its gates to the French fleet without resistance, and in return obtained various commercial and fiscal benefits.<ref>{{cite book|first=Gordon S. |last=Brown|title=The Norman Conquest of Southern Italy and Sicily|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|isbn=978-0-7864-1472-7|year=2003}}</ref> In the mid-15th century, Naples and [[Palermo]] united into the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] under the crown of [[Alfonso V of Aragon]].
[[File:Island of Stromboli-1810.jpg|thumb|Stromboli in 1810, painted by [[Luigi Mayer]]]]

On June 30, 1544, a fleet of 180 [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] vessels under the command of the [[Barbary pirates|corsair]] [[Hayreddin Barbarossa]] occupied Lipari and laid siege to the castle. The defenders surrendered.  Historically, it is said around 9,000 of the 10,000 citizens of Lipari were captured and enslaved although a couple of more recent scholars have questioned this number arguing for a lower population at the time of Barbarossa.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Joe Russo|title=Estimating the population of Lipari in 1544|url=http://www.liparifamilyhistory.com/wp/2015/10/estimating-the-population-of-lipari-in-1544-2/|website=Aeolian Genealogy|access-date=18 November 2017|date=October 1, 2015}}</ref>  A number of citizens were ransomed in [[Messina]] and returned to the islands but most of those captured never returned. Only after the tragedy did the Spanish authorities turn their attention to Lipari and repopulate the city with Sicilian, Calabrian and Spanish families. The city walls and houses were rebuilt and an Aeolian fleet was constructed which was able to successfully defend the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]] from the Ottomans.