Editing 2001 (section)

== Health ==
{{Further|Category:2001 in health}}
[[File:Foot-and-mouth disease.jpg|thumb|Cattle being burned to prevent spread of [[foot-and-mouth disease]]: millions of cattle died during the [[2001 United Kingdom foot-and-mouth outbreak|2001 outbreak]].]]
The [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) began a five-year program to reduce [[Traffic collision|road injury fatalities]] following a warning of the problem's severity by the [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|Red Cross]] the previous year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-24 |title=Ten Great Public Health Achievements --- Worldwide, 2001--2010 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6024a4.htm |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |archive-date=December 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207232929/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6024a4.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The WHO's Commission on Macroeconomics and Health released a report in 2001 detailing how spending by developed nations could protect health in developing nations.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2002-01-05 |title=The big events of 2001 |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=324 |issue=7328 |pages=0 |issn=0959-8138 |pmc=1121931}}</ref> New drugs developed in 2001 include [[imatinib]] to treat cancer, and [[nateglinide]] to treat diabetes.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=224}} 2001 saw the first self-contained [[artificial heart]] implanted in a patient.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=25}}

Outbreaks of [[cholera]] occurred in Chad, India, Pakistan, Tanzania, South Africa, and throughout Western Africa; outbreaks of [[yellow fever]] took place in Brazil, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Peru; and outbreaks of [[meningococcal disease]] occurred in the [[African meningitis belt]] as well as Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Ethiopia. Other major disease outbreaks included [[Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever]] in Kosovo and Pakistan, [[measles]] in India and South Korea, [[Legionnaires' disease]] in Spain and Norway, [[dengue fever]] in Venezuela, and [[Plague (disease)|plague]] in Zambia.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=223}} Spain's outbreak of Legionnaires' disease was the largest ever recorded, with 449 confirmed cases and more than 800 suspected ones.<ref name="auto17">{{Cite journal |last1=García-Fulgueiras |first1=Ana |last2=Navarro |first2=Carmen |last3=Fenoll |first3=Daniel |last4=García |first4=José |last5=González-Diego |first5=Paulino |last6=Jiménez-Buñuales |first6=Teresa |last7=Rodriguez |first7=Miguel |last8=Lopez |first8=Rosa |last9=Pacheco |first9=Francisco |last10=Ruiz |first10=Joaquín |last11=Segovia |first11=Manuel |last12=Baladrón |first12=Beatriz |last13=Pelaz |first13=Carmen |date=2003 |title=Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak in Murcia, Spain |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=9 |issue=8 |pages=915–921 |doi=10.3201/eid0908.030337 |issn=1080-6040 |pmc=3020623 |pmid=12967487}}</ref> An [[ebola]] outbreak continued from 2000 in Uganda until the final case was diagnosed on January 16.<ref name="auto13">{{Cite journal |last1=Okware |first1=S. I. |last2=Omaswa |first2=F. G. |last3=Zaramba |first3=S. |last4=Opio |first4=A. |last5=Lutwama |first5=J. J. |last6=Kamugisha |first6=J. |last7=Rwaguma |first7=E. B. |last8=Kagwa |first8=P. |last9=Lamunu |first9=M. |date=2002 |title=An outbreak of Ebola in Uganda |journal=Tropical Medicine & International Health |volume=7 |issue=12 |pages=1068–1075 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00944.x |issn=1360-2276 |pmid=12460399 |s2cid=31488443|doi-access=free }}</ref> Another outbreak occurred in Gabon and the Republic of the Congo in October, which continued until July 2002.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal |date=2003-06-27 |title=Outbreak(s) of Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Congo and Gabon, October 2001-July 2002 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15571171/ |journal=Relevé Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire |volume=78 |issue=26 |pages=223–228 |issn=0049-8114 |pmid=15571171 |access-date=December 8, 2022 |archive-date=December 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208004925/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15571171/ |url-status=live }}</ref> An [[2001 United Kingdom foot-and-mouth outbreak|outbreak]] of [[foot-and-mouth disease]] occurred among livestock in the United Kingdom in 2001, resulting in millions of farm animals being slaughtered to prevent spread.<ref name="Knight-Jones">{{cite journal |last1=Knight-Jones |first1=T. J. |last2=Rushton |first2=J |year=2013 |title=The economic impacts of foot and mouth disease – What are they, how big are they and where do they occur? |journal=Preventive Veterinary Medicine |volume=112 |issue=3–4 |pages=161–173 |doi=10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.07.013 |pmc=3989032 |pmid=23958457}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/britannica200100ency |title=Encyclopædia Britannica: 2001 Year in Review |date=2002 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |isbn=9780852298312 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=153–155}}

Approximately 400,000 people in [[New York City]] were exposed to [[air pollution]] by [[carcinogen]]s and other harmful particles such as asbestos and metals as a result of the [[Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks|September 11 attacks]], and many would go on to suffer chronic illness as a result of exposure.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-01 |title=Toxins and Health Impacts: Health Effects of 9/11 - WTC Health Program |url=https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/exhibition/toxins-and-health-impacts.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Centers for Disease Control |language=en |archive-date=December 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208003659/https://www.cdc.gov/wtc/exhibition/toxins-and-health-impacts.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A series of [[2001 anthrax attacks|anthrax attacks]] against American government and media figures in October further spurred precautions against bioterrorism.<ref name=":5" />{{Rp|page=222}}