Editing 1638 (section)

== Deaths ==
[[File:Cornelis van Haarlem Self-portrait 06112012 2.jpg|thumb|upright=.5|[[Cornelis van Haarlem]]]]
[[File:Presumed Self-Portrait as St. Catherine of Alexandria, Barbara Longhi.jpg|thumb|upright=.5|[[Barbara Longhi]]]]
* [[January 21]] – [[Ignazio Donati]], Italian composer (b. c. [[1570]])
* [[January 27]] – [[Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses]], Spanish novelist (b. c. [[1585]])
* [[February 26]] – [[Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac]], French mathematician (b. [[1581]])
* [[March 2]] – [[William Spring of Pakenham]], English Member of Parliament (b. [[1588]])
* [[March 22]] – [[Johann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen]] (b. [[1578]])
* [[April 1]] – [[Henry Ley, 2nd Earl of Marlborough]], English politician (b. [[1595]])
* [[April 7]] – [[Shimazu Tadatsune]], Japanese ruler of Satsuma (b. [[1576]])
* [[April 13]] – [[Henri, Duke of Rohan]], French Huguenot leader (b. [[1579]])
* [[April 19]] – [[Jeremias Drexel]], Jesuit writer and professor of rhetoric (b. [[1581]])
* [[April 26]] – [[Margareta Brahe (1559–1638)|Margareta Brahe]], Swedish political activist  (b. [[1564]])
* [[May 6]]
** [[Cornelius Jansen]], French bishop and religious reformer (b. [[1585]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Carey | first = Patrick | title = Biographical dictionary of Christian theologians | publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Westport, Conn | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780313296499 |page=273| language=en}}</ref>
** [[Gaj Singh of Marwar]], Raja of Marwar Kingdom (b. [[1595]])
* [[May 9]] – [[Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg]] (b. [[1585]])
* [[May 27]] – [[Pietro Paolo Floriani]], Italian architect (b. [[1585]])
* [[June 25]] – [[Juan Pérez de Montalbán]], Spanish writer (b. [[1602]])
* [[July 27]] – [[John VIII, Count of Nassau-Siegen]] (b. [[1583]])
* [[July 31]] – [[Sibylla Schwarz]], German poet (b. [[1621]]) 
* [[August 3]] – [[Philipp Moritz, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg]], German noble (b. [[1605]])
* [[August 10]] – [[Anton Henry, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] (1586–1638) (b. [[1571]])
* [[August 12]] – [[Baltasar Marradas]], Spanish count (b. [[1560]])
* [[August 13]] – [[Carolus Mulerius]], Dutch Hispanist (b. [[1601]])
* [[August 27]] – [[John Hoskins (poet)|John Hoskins]], English poet (b. [[1566]])
* [[September]] – [[Christoph Besold]], German jurist (b. [[1577]])
* [[September 5]] – [[Dorothea of Hanau-Münzenberg]], German noblewoman (b. [[1556]])
* [[September 14]] – [[John Harvard (clergyman)|John Harvard]], American clergyman (b. [[1607]])
* [[September 24]] – [[Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach]] (1604–1622) (b. [[1573]])
* [[October 6]] – [[Jacob Dircksz de Graeff]], Dutch mayor (b. [[1579]])
* [[October 4]] – [[Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy]] (b. [[1632]])
* [[October 8]] – [[Raja Wodeyar II]], King of Mysore (b. [[1612]])
* [[October 14]] – [[Gabriello Chiabrera]], Italian poet (b. [[1552]])
* [[October 23]] – [[John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach]], German duke (b. [[1566]])
* [[October 28]] – [[Robert Petre, 3rd Baron Petre]], English baron (b. [[1599]])
* [[November 9]] – [[Johann Heinrich Alsted]], German theologian (b. [[1588]])
* [[November 11]] – [[Cornelis van Haarlem|Cornelis Corneliszoon van Haarlem]], Dutch painter (b. [[1562]])
* [[November 16]] – [[Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon]], English noble (b. [[1572]])
* [[November 19]] – [[Lelio Biscia]], Italian Catholic cardinal (b. [[1575]])
* [[November 27]] 
** [[Redemptus of the Cross]], Portuguese Carmelite lay brother and martyr (b. [[1598]])
** [[Denis of the Nativity]], French sailor and cartographer (b. [[1600]])
* [[December 8]] – [[Ivan Gundulić]], Croatian poet (b. [[1589]])
* [[December 13]] – [[Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg]] (b. [[1584]])
* [[December 17]] – [[François Leclerc du Tremblay]], French Greyfriar (b. [[1577]])
* [[December 23]] – [[Barbara Longhi]], Italian painter (b. [[1552]])