Editing 'Pataphysics (section)

== Works influenced by 'Pataphysics ==
In the 1960s 'pataphysics was used as a [[conceptual art|conceptual]] principle within various [[fine art]] forms, especially [[pop art]] and [[popular culture]]. Works within the pataphysical tradition tend to focus on the processes of their creation, and elements of chance or arbitrary choices are frequently key in those processes. Select pieces from the artist [[Marcel Duchamp]]{{sfnp|Hugill|2012|p=55}} and the composer [[John Cage]]{{sfnp|Hugill|2012|pp=51–52}} characterize this. At around this time, [[Asger Jorn]], a pataphysician and member of the [[Situationist International]], referred to 'pataphysics as a new religion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Asger Jorn's "Pataphysics: A religion in the making" |url=http://www.cddc.vt.edu/sionline/si/pataphysics.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605180559/http://www.cddc.vt.edu/sionline/si/pataphysics.html |archive-date=5 June 2013}}</ref>

American artist [[Joey Skaggs]] has described his satirical hoaxes as pataphysical, aligning with [[Alfred Jarry]]'s concept of "the science of imaginary solutions." His performances often incorporate absurdist logic and fictional science to critique societal norms. Notable examples include the ''Metamorphosis Cockroach Miracle Cure'' (1981), where Skaggs, under the alias Dr. Josef Gregor, claimed to have developed a cure-all derived from [[cockroach]] hormones,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schwarcz |first=Dr Joe |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Grain_of_Salt/iyulDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=A Grain of Salt: The Science and Pseudoscience of What We Eat |date=2019-10-08 |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=978-1-77305-385-1 |language=en}}</ref> and the ''Tiny Top Circus'' (2014), billed as "the world's only pataphysical circus," featuring the exhibition and escape of a purported [[Bigfoot]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-07 |title=Bigfoot Unveiling Turns Into Huge Toe Job |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/bigfoot-tiny-tot-circus-n_n_5461278 |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref>

=== In literature ===
In 1948 [[Raymond Queneau]], [[Jean Genet]], and [[Eugène Ionesco]] founded Collège de pataphysique and published [[Oulipo|OULIPO]],{{efn|
"In 1948 a group of writers, basically the core of the group that would later call themselves OULIPO (Raymond Queneau, Jean Genet, and Eugene Ionesco, among others), founded a Collège de 'pataphysique and produced a periodical devoted to absurdist writing."<ref>{{cite web |title='pataphysics |website=Oxford Reference |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100309872}}</ref>
}}
which influenced the following writers:
* [[Boris Vian]] became involved with the Collège de 'Pataphysique.<ref>{{cite journal |id={{ProQuest|1297935463}} |last1=Sethi |first1=Robbie Clipper |title=Boris Vian: 'Blues for a Black Cat' |type=book review |journal=Studies in Short Fiction |volume=30 |issue=3 |date=Summer 1993 |pages=406 |quote=His critics call his method in these stories "pataphysical".}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Intern |date=8 August 2014 |title=Review: Oulipo Compendium |website=Boston Review |lang=en |url=http://bostonreview.net/books-ideas/james-sallis-review-oulipo-compendium |access-date=9 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=B. |last=Vian |author-link=Boris Vian |year=2014 |title=If I Say if: The poems and short stories of Boris Vian |isbn=978-1-922064-62-2 |editor-last1=Rolls |editor-first1=Alistair |pages=9 |doi=10.20851/vian-if |hdl=2440/83660 |editor-last2=West-Sooby |editor-first2=John |editor-last3=Fornasiero |editor-first3=Jean}}</ref>
* [[René Daumal]] has references to pataphysics in his writings.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gac |first1=Roberto |title=René Daumal et l'enseignement de Gurdjieff : René Daumal, le perpétuel incandescent, Ouvrage collectif aux édition Le bois d'Orion (2008) |journal=Sens Public |date=3 February 2016 |doi=10.7202/1043376ar |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Handspring Puppet Company]] produces theatrical works with elements of pataphysics.<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.4324/9781315113081-9 |chapter=Handspring Puppet Company |title=Documentary Vanguards in Modern Theatre |year=2017 |last1=Youker |first1=Timothy |pages=163–179 |isbn=978-1-315-11308-1}}</ref>
* [[Pat Murphy (writer)|Pat Murphy]] features pataphysics in several works of [[science fiction]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Clapp |first=Jeffrey |date=8 August 2021 |title=Jeff van der&nbsp;Meer, or the novel trapped in the open world |journal=Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=414–427 |doi=10.1080/00111619.2020.1816890 |s2cid=224913909|doi-access=free }}</ref>
* [[Jean Baudrillard]] is often described as a pataphysician and identified as such for some part of his life.<ref>{{cite book |last=Redhead |first=Steve |year=2008 |title=The Jean Baudrillard Reader |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-14613-5 |pages=6–7}}</ref>
* Pablo Lopez has developed an extension of 'pataphysics called the [[#Pataphor|pataphor]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Han |first=Ji-Ae |date=28 October 2016 |title=The notion and forms of pataphor in science educational contents design |journal=Journal of Digital Convergence |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=399–406 |doi=10.14400/jdc.2016.14.10.399 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

=== In music ===
* In the song "[[Maxwell's Silver Hammer]]" on [[the Beatles]] album ''[[Abbey Road]]'', "pataphysical science" is mentioned as a course of study for Joan, the first victim of Maxwell Edison.<ref>{{cite news |title=That Ubu that you do |date=25 April 2008 |department=Pop and rock |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/apr/25/popandrock1 |access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref>
* The debut album by Ron 'Pate's Debonairs, featuring [[Reverend Fred Lane]] (his first appearance on vinyl), is titled ''Raudelunas Pataphysical Revue'' (1977), a live theatrical performance. A review in ''[[The Wire (magazine)|The Wire]]'' magazine said, "No other record has ever come as close to realising Alfred Jarry's desire 'to make the soul monstrous' – or even had the vision or invention to try."<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Baxter |first=Ed |date=September 1998 |title=100&nbsp;Records that set the world on fire ... while no one was listening |magazine=The Wire |pages=35–36}}</ref> 'Pate (note the pataphysical apostrophe) and Lane were central members in the Raudelunas art collective in [[Tuscaloosa, Alabama]].
* Professor [[Andrew Hugill]], of [[de Montfort University]], is a practitioner of pataphysical music. He curated ''Pataphysics'', for the [[Sonic Arts Network]]'s CD series,<ref>{{cite web |title=Music |website=Andrew Hugill |url=http://andrewhugill.com/music.html |access-date=16 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726201022/http://andrewhugill.com/music.html |archive-date=26 July 2013}}</ref> and in 2007 some of his own music was issued by UHRecordings under the title ''Pataphysical Piano; The sounds and silences of Andrew Hugill''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pataphysical Piano – The sounds and silences of Andrew Hugill by various artists |website=UHRecordings.co.uk |url=http://uhrecordings.co.uk/_shop/albums/UHR/pataphysical-piano.aspx |access-date=16 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610224204/http://uhrecordings.co.uk/_shop/albums/UHR/pataphysical-piano.aspx |archive-date=10 June 2015}}</ref>
* British [[progressive rock]] band [[Soft Machine]] were self-described as "the Official Orchestra of the College of Pataphysics" and featured the two songs "Pataphysical Introduction" parts&nbsp;I and II on their 1969 album ''[[Volume Two (The Soft Machine album)|Volume Two]]''.
* Japanese [[psychedelic rock]] band [[Acid Mothers Temple]] refer to the topic on their 1999 release ''[[Pataphisical Freak Out MU!!]]''.
* [[Autolux]], a Los Angeles–based [[noise pop]] band, have a song "Science of Imaginary Solutions" on their second album ''[[Transit Transit]]''.
* The composer Gavin Bryars has been a member of the Collège de 'Pataphysique since 1974; he was appointed Regent in 2001 and a Transcendent Satrap in 2015 at the pataphysical New Year's Eve Vigil E.P.&nbsp;143 (7&nbsp;September 2015 vulg.)
* The [[KLVM (FM)#Pataphysical Broadcasting Foundation, 1972|Pataphysical Broadcasting Foundation Inc.]] (established 1972, dissolved 2015) founded radio station [[KUSP]] in [[Santa Cruz, California]], for (then) non-conventional radio programming.

=== In visual art ===
* In 1962 American artist [[James E. Brewton]] developed a style of abstract expressionism he called Graffiti Pataphysic. A survey of Brewton's 'pataphysics-related work was shown in 2014 in Philadelphia.<ref>{{cite web |title=James E. Brewton (1930–1967) – Programs – Slought |date=7 May 2018 |website=slought.org |url=https://slought.org/resources/james_brewton |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507100834/https://slought.org/resources/james_brewton |archive-date=7 May 2018}}</ref>
* American artist [[Thomas Chimes]] developed an interest in Jarry's 'pataphysics, which became a lifelong passion, inspiring much of the painter's creative work.
* In 2000, ''The Laboratory of Feminist Pataphysics'' was founded by Canadian visual artist, writer and scholar, [[Mireille Perron]]. ''The Laboratory of Feminist Pataphysics'' has been shown at the Nickle Arts Museum,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nickle Galleries |publisher=[[University of Calgary]] |website=nickle.ucalgary.ca |lang=en |url=https://nickle.ucalgary.ca/ |access-date=10 March 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026193442/http://nickle.ucalgary.ca/ |archive-date=26 October 2017}}</ref> [[The New Gallery]]{{citation needed|date=July 2020}} and Stride Gallery in [[Calgary]], Alberta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laboratory of Feminist Pataphysics Presents: Ateliert of the Near Future – Mireille Perron |website=Stride Gallery (stride.ab.ca) |date=19 February 2018 |lang=en-US |url=http://www.stride.ab.ca/laboratory-of-feminist-pataphysics-presents-ateliers-of-the-near-future-mireille-perron/ |access-date=10 March 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140906/http://www.stride.ab.ca/laboratory-of-feminist-pataphysics-presents-ateliers-of-the-near-future-mireille-perron/ |archive-date=11 March 2018}}</ref>
* In 2010 American artist Kevin Ferreira began a visual exploration into the imaginary solutions for the constructs of reality (pataphysics=pata art). The exhibit SpektrumMEK that resulted from this endeavor has been put into his book ''SpektrumMEK: A pataphysical gestation to the birth of Lil' t''.
* [[The League of Imaginary Scientists]], a Los Angeles-based art collective specializing in 'pataphysics-based interactive experiments. In 2011 they exhibited a series of projects at [[Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles]].
* [[Brian Reffin Smith]], a Berlin-based British artist and Regent of Catachemistry and Speculative Metallurgy in the Collège de 'Pataphysique, Paris, often shows art based upon or influenced by 'Pataphysics and conducts performances at Pataphysical events. He was part of a group of German and Czech artists who exhibited at Patadata, in Zlín, Czech Republic, 2017.

=== In online fiction ===
* The [[SCP Foundation]] has multiple articles referencing pataphysical concepts, such as SCP-2747 ("As below, so above"), where the pataphysical reality is described as "layers of metafictional narrative" and the anomaly in question ascends the narratives to destroy them.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SCP-2747 - SCP Foundation |url=https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/scp-2747 |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=The SCP Foundation |language=en}}</ref> "Pataphysics" articles often deal with [[Fourth wall|the fictional nature of the Foundation]]. For example, SCP-3309 ("Where We Go When We Fade, Fade Away") features Foundation scientists attempting to manipulate the real-life website's article deletion feature to destroy problematic SCP objects<ref>{{cite web |title=Where We Go When We Fade, Fade Away |date=13 April 2018 |id=SCP-3309 |website=[[SCP Foundation]] |url=https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/scp-3309 |access-date=4 October 2020}}</ref> and SCP-5999, which is an attempt at killing the authors of the site itself.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SCP-5999 - SCP Foundation |url=https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/scp-5999 |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=The SCP Foundation |language=en}}</ref>

=== In architecture ===
* [[Le Corbusier]] developed an interest in Jarry's work.{{Citation needed|date=July 2020}}