Editing Wild boar (section)

=== Predators ===
[[File:Tiger's killing wild boar.jpg|left|thumb|[[Tiger]]s killing a wild boar in [[Kanha Tiger Reserve]]]]
Piglets are vulnerable to attack from medium-sized felids like [[Eurasian lynx]] (''Lynx lynx''), [[jungle cat]]s (''Felis chaus''), and [[snow leopard]]s (''Panthera uncia''), as well as other carnivorans like [[brown bear]]s (''Ursus arctos'') and [[yellow-throated marten]]s (''Martes flavigula'').<ref name=heptner1988 />

The [[wolf]] (''Canis lupus'') is the main predator of wild boar throughout most of its range. A single wolf can kill around 50 to 80 boars of differing ages in one year.<ref name=heptner1988 /> In Italy<ref name="marsan96">{{Harvnb|Marsan|Mattioli|2013|pp=96–97}}</ref> and Belarus' [[Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park]], boars are the wolf's primary prey, despite an abundance of alternative, less powerful ungulates.<ref name="marsan96" /> Wolves are particularly threatening during the winter, when deep snow impedes the boars' movements. In the Baltic regions, heavy snowfall can allow wolves to eliminate boars from an area almost completely. Wolves primarily target piglets and subadults and only rarely attack adult sows. Adult males are usually avoided entirely.<ref name=heptner1988 /> [[Dhole]]s (''Cuon alpinus'') may also prey on boars, to the point of keeping their numbers down in northwestern Bhutan, despite there being many more [[cattle]] in the area.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Thinley | first1 = P | last2 = Kamler | first2 = JF | last3 = Wang | first3 = SW | last4 = Lham | first4 = K | last5 = Stenkewitz | first5 = U |display-authors=etal | year = 2011 | title = Seasonal diet of dholes (''Cuon alpinus'') in northwestern Bhutan | journal = Mammalian Biology| volume = 76 | issue = 4| pages = 518–520 | doi = 10.1016/j.mambio.2011.02.003 | bibcode = 2011MamBi..76..518T }}</ref>
[[File:Dragon feeding.png|thumb|[[Banded pig]] (''S. s. vittatus'') being eaten by [[Komodo dragon]]s]]
[[Leopard]]s (''Panthera pardus'') are predators of wild boar in the Caucasus (particularly Transcaucasia), the Russian Far East, India, China<ref name="sovietleopard">{{cite book |author1=Heptner, V. G. |author2=Sludskij, A. A. |name-list-style=amp |orig-year=1972 |year=1992 |title=Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola |trans-title=Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats) |publisher=Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation |location=Washington DC |chapter=Leopard |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalsofsov221992gept#page/248/mode/2up |pages=248–252}}</ref> and Iran. In most areas, boars constitute only a small part of the leopard's diet. However, in Iran's Sarigol National Park, boars are the second most frequently targeted prey species after [[mouflon]] (''Ovis gmelini''), though adult individuals are generally avoided, as they are above the leopard's preferred weight range of {{convert|10|–|40|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Taghdisi | first1 = M. |display-authors=etal |year=2013 |title=Diet and habitat use of the endangered Persian leopard (''Panthera pardus saxicolor'') in northeastern Iran |journal=Turkish Journal of Zoology |volume=37 |pages=554–561 |doi=10.3906/zoo-1301-20 |doi-access=free}}</ref> This dependence on wild boar is largely due in part to the local leopard subspecies' large size.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sharbafi|first1=Elmira |last2=Farhadinia |first2=Mohammad S. |last3=Rezaie|first3=Hamid R.|last4=Braczkowski|first4=Alex Richard |title=Prey of the Persian Leopard (''Panthera pardus saxicolor'') in a mixed forest-steppe landscape in northeastern Iran (Mammalia: Felidae)|journal=Zoology in the Middle East|volume=62|issue=1|year=2016|pages=1–8|doi=10.1080/09397140.2016.1144286|s2cid=88354782}}</ref>

Boars of all ages were once the primary prey of the [[tiger]] (''Panthera tigris'') in Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Middle Asia and the Far East up until the late 19th century. In modern times, tiger numbers are too low to have a limiting effect on boar populations. A single tiger can systematically destroy an entire sounder by preying on its members one by one, before moving on to another sounder. Tigers have been noted to chase boars for longer distances than with other prey. In two rare cases, boars were reported to gore a small tiger and a tigress to death in self-defense.<ref name="soviettiger">{{cite book |author1=Heptner, V. G. |author2=Sludskij, A. A. |name-list-style=amp |orig-year=1972 |year=1992 |title=Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola |trans-title=Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats) |publisher=Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation |location=Washington DC |chapter=Tiger |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalsofsov221992gept#page/174/mode/2up |pages=174–185}}</ref> A "large male tiger" died of wounds inflicted by an old wild boar it had killed in "a battle royal" between the two animals.<ref name="Prynn-1980">{{cite journal | last=Prynn | first=David | title=Tigers and Leopards in Russia's Far East | journal=[[Oryx (journal)|Oryx]] | publisher=[[Fauna & Flora International]] ([[Cambridge University Press|CUP]]) | volume=15 | issue=5 | year=1980 | issn=0030-6053 | doi=10.1017/s0030605300029227 | pages=496–503 | s2cid=86199390| doi-access=free }}</ref>{{rp|500}}

In the [[Amur River|Amur region]], wild boars are one of the two most important prey species for [[Siberian tiger]]s, alongside the [[Manchurian wapiti]] (''Cervus canadensis xanthopygus''), with the two species collectively comprising roughly 80% of the felid's prey.<ref name=j1>{{cite journal |title=Food habits of Amur tigers in the Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik and the Russian Far East, and implications for conservation |url=http://www.panthera.org/sites/default/files/Miquelle_Quigley_1996_Food_habits_of_Amur_tigers.pdf |author=Miquelle, Dale G. |journal=Journal of Wildlife Research |year=1996 |volume=1 |issue=2 |page=138 |display-authors=etal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101192450/http://www.panthera.org/sites/default/files/Miquelle_Quigley_1996_Food_habits_of_Amur_tigers.pdf |archive-date=1 November 2012 }}</ref> In [[Sikhote Alin]], a tiger can kill 30–34 boars a year.<ref name=baskin2003 /> Studies of tigers in India indicate that boars are usually secondary in preference to various [[Cervidae|cervids]] and [[Bovidae|bovids]],{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} though when boars are targeted, healthy adults are caught more frequently than young and sick specimens.<ref>{{cite book|title=The deer and the tiger: a study of wildlife in India|author=Schaller, G|year=1967|pages=321|publisher=University of Chicago Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KOVGHXfod0wC|isbn=9780226736570|access-date=17 August 2018|archive-date=5 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305145213/https://books.google.com/books?id=KOVGHXfod0wC|url-status=live}}</ref>

On the islands of [[Komodo (island)|Komodo]], [[Rinca]] and [[Flores]], the boar's main predator is the [[Komodo dragon]] (''Varanus komodoensis'').<ref name="auffenberg1981" />
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