Editing Weaving (section)

==Types Of Weaving==
===Hand loom weavers===
Handloom weaving was done by both genders but men outnumbered women partially due to the strength needed to batten.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Burnette |first1=Joyce |title=Women Workers in the British Industrial Revolution |url=http://eh.net/encyclopedia/women-workers-in-the-british-industrial-revolution/ |website=EH.net |access-date=15 April 2019 |date=26 March 2008}}</ref>{{sfn|Freethy|2005|p=62}}  They worked from home sometimes in a well-lit attic room. The women of the house would spin the thread they needed, and attend to finishing. Later women took to weaving, they obtained their thread from the [[cotton mill|spinning mill]], and working as [[outworker]]s on a [[piecework]] contract. Over time competition from the power looms drove down the piece rate and they existed in increasing poverty.

===Power loom weavers===
{{Further|Queen Street Mill}}
Power loom workers were usually girls and young women. They had the security of fixed hours, and except in times of hardship, such as in the [[cotton famine]], regular income. They were paid a wage and a piece work bonus. Even when working in a combined mill, weavers stuck together and enjoyed a tight-knit community.{{sfn|Bellerby|2005|p=24}} The women usually minded the four machines and kept the looms oiled and clean. They were assisted by 'little tenters', children on a fixed wage who ran errands and did small tasks. They learnt the job of the weaver by watching.{{sfn|Freethy|2005|p=62}} Often they would be [[Education Act 1870|half timers]], carrying a green card which teacher and overlookers would sign to say they had turned up at the mill in the morning and the afternoon at the school.{{sfn|Freethy|2005|p=86}} At fourteen or so they come full-time into the mill, and started by sharing looms with an experienced worker where it was important to learn quickly as they would both be on piece work.Serious problems with the loom were left to the [[tackler]] to sort out. He would inevitably be a man, as were usually the overlookers. The mill had its health and safety issues, there was a reason why the women tied their hair back with scarves. Inhaling cotton dust caused lung problems, and the noise was causing total hearing loss. Weavers would [[Mee-mawing|mee-maw]] as normal conversation was impossible.  Weavers used to 'kiss the shuttle', that is, suck thread through the eye of the shuttle. This left a foul taste in the mouth due to the oil, which was also [[carcinogenic]].{{sfn|Freethy|2005|p=121}}

===Craft weavers===
[[File:Weavers Loom.jpg|thumb|Pedal powered loom used by Skye Weavers, Isle of Skye, Scotland]]
[[Arts and Crafts Movement|Arts and Crafts]] was an international design philosophy that originated in England<ref name=triggs>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924032649828 |quote=Chapters in the History of the Arts and Crafts Movement. |first=Oscar Lovell |last=Triggs |title=Chapters in the History of the Arts and Crafts Movement |publisher=Bohemia Guild of the Industrial Art League |year=1902 |access-date=2010-08-28 }}</ref> and flourished between 1860 and 1910 (especially the second half of that period), continuing its influence until the 1930s.<ref name="grove"/> Instigated by the artist and writer [[William Morris]] (1834–1896) during the 1860s<ref name=triggs/> and inspired by the writings of [[John Ruskin]] (1819–1900), it had its earliest and most complete development in the British Isles<ref name="grove">{{Cite book |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts, Volume 1 |isbn=978-0-19-518948-3 |first=Gordon |last=Campbell |publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006 }}</ref> but spread to Europe and North America.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Kaplan, Wendy |author2=Crawford, Alan |title=The Arts & Crafts Movement in Europe & America: Design for the Modern World |publisher=Los Angeles County Museum of Art |date=2004}}</ref> It was largely a reaction against mechanisation and the philosophy advocated of traditional craftsmanship using simple forms and often medieval, romantic or folk styles of decoration. Handweaving was highly regarded and taken up as a [[decorative art]].