Editing Vandals (section)

===In Hispania===<!-- This section is linked from [[List of extinct states]] -->
[[File:Vandals Migration pt.gif|thumb|upright=1.3|Migrations of the Vandals from Scandinavia through Dacia, Gaul, Iberia, and into North Africa. Grey: Roman Empire. N.b.: a. C. = BC («después de Cristo» in Spanish) and d. C. = AD («antes de Cristo» in Spanish).]]

On October 13, 409 they crossed the [[Pyrenees]] into the [[Iberian peninsula]]. There, the [[Hasdingi]] received land from the Romans, as [[foederati]], in [[Asturia]] (Northwest) and the [[Silingi]] in [[Hispania Baetica]] (South), while the [[Alans]] got lands in [[Lusitania]] (West) and the region around [[Carthago Nova]].<ref name= EB_Spain>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/557573/Spain/70357/Visigothic-Spain-to-c-500#ref587098 |title=Spain: Visigothic Spain to c. 500 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |access-date=8 March 2014}}</ref> The [[Suebi]] also controlled part of [[Gallaecia]]. The [[Visigoths]], who invaded Iberia on the orders of the Romans before receiving lands in [[Septimania]] (Southern France), crushed the Silingi Vandals in 417 and the Alans in 418, killing the western Alan king [[Attaces]].<ref>Vasconcellos 1913, p.&nbsp;551</ref> The remainder of his people and the remnants of the Silingi, who were nearly wiped out, subsequently appealed to the Vandal king [[Gunderic]] to accept the Alan crown. Later Vandal kings in North Africa styled themselves ''Rex Wandalorum et Alanorum'' ("King of the Vandals and Alans"). In 419 AD the Hasdingi Vandals were [[Battle of the Nervasos Mountains|defeated]] by a joint Roman-Suebi coalition. Gunderic fled to [[Baetica]], where he was also proclaimed king of the Silingi Vandals. In 422, Gunderic decisively defeated a Roman-Suebi-Gothic coalition led by the Roman [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|patrician]] [[Castinus]] at the [[Battle of Tarraco]].<ref name= Tarraco>{{harvnb|Jaques|2007c|p=999}}</ref><ref name= MM50>{{harvnb|Merrills|Miles|2010|p=50}}</ref> It is likely that many Roman and Gothic troops deserted to Gunderic following the battle.<ref name= MM50/> For the next five years, according to [[Hydatius]], Gunderic created widespread havoc in the western [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].<ref name= MM50/> In 425, the Vandals pillaged the [[Balearic Islands]], [[Hispania]] and [[Mauritania (Roman province)|Mauritania]], sacking [[Cartagena, Spain|Cartagena]] and [[Seville]] in 425.<ref name= MM50/> The capture of the maritime city of Cartagena enabled the Vandals to engage in widespread naval activities.<ref name= MM50/> In 428 Gunderic captured Seville for a second time but died while laying siege to the city's church.<ref name= MM50/> He was succeeded by his half-brother [[Genseric]], who although he was [[Legitimacy (family law)|illegitimate]] (his mother was a slave) had held a prominent position at the Vandal court, rising to the throne unchallenged.<ref>{{harvnb|Merrills|Miles|2010|pp=49–50}}</ref> In 429, the Vandals departed Spain which remained almost totally in Roman hands until 439, when the Sueves, confined to Gallaecia moved south and captured [[Emerita Augusta]] (Mérida), the see city of Roman administration for the whole peninsula.<ref>''Late Roman Spain and its Cities'', Michael Kulikowski, 2004, pp. 173–180 {{ISBN|0-8018-7978-7}}</ref>

Genseric is often regarded by historians as the most able barbarian leader of the Migration Period.<ref name= Frasseto>{{harvnb|Frassetto|2003|p=173}}</ref> [[Michael Frassetto]] writes that he probably contributed more to the destruction of Rome than any of his contemporaries.<ref name= Frasseto/> Although the barbarians controlled Hispania, they still comprised a tiny minority among a much larger [[Romanization of Hispania|Hispano-Roman]] population, approximately 200,000 out of 6,000,000.<ref name= EB_Spain/> Shortly after seizing the throne, Genseric was attacked from the rear by a large force of [[Suebi]] under the command of [[Heremigarius]] who had managed to take [[Lusitania]].<ref name= celtiberia>{{cite web |url = http://www.celtiberia.net/articulo.asp?id=1671 |title = Breve historia del reino suevo de Gallaecia (1) |access-date = 11 August 2010 |author = Cossue |date = 28 November 2005 |publisher = Celtiberia.net |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120107022825/http://celtiberia.net/articulo.asp?id=1671 |archive-date = 2012-01-07 |url-status = live  |language= es}}</ref> This Suebi army was [[Battle of Mérida (428)|defeated]] near [[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]] and its leader [[Hermigarius]] drowned in the [[Guadiana]] River while trying to flee.<ref name= celtiberia/>

It is possible that the [[Name of Andalusia|name ''Al-Andalus'']] (and its derivative ''[[Andalusia]]'') is derived from the Arabic adoption of the name of the Vandals.<ref>{{harvnb|Mokhtar|1981|p=281}} (Vol. 2)</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Burke|1900|p=410}} (Vol. 1)</ref>