Editing Umar (section)

=== Initial challenges ===
Even though almost all of the Muslims had given their pledge of loyalty to Umar, he was feared more than loved. According to [[Muhammad Husayn Haykal]], the first challenge for Umar was to win over his subjects and the members of Majlis al Shura.<ref>Haykal, 1944, Chapter 5, p. 119.</ref>

Umar was a gifted orator, and he used his ability to improve his reputation among the people.<ref>''Modern Islamic political thought'', Hamid Enayat, p. 6.</ref>

Muhammad Husayn Haykal wrote that Umar's stress was on the well-being of the poor and underprivileged.<ref>Haykal, 1944, Chapter 5, p. 130.</ref> In addition to this, Umar, in order to improve his reputation and relation with the [[Banu Hashim]], the tribe of [[Ali]], delivered to the latter his disputed estates in Khayber. He followed Abu Bakr's decision over the disputed land of Fidak, continuing to treat it as state property.

In the Ridda wars, thousands of prisoners from rebel and apostate tribes were taken away as slaves during the expeditions. Umar ordered a general amnesty for the prisoners and their immediate emancipation.<ref>Haykal, 1944, Chapter 5, p. 135.</ref> This made Umar quite popular among the [[Bedouin people|Bedouin tribes]]. With the necessary public support on his side, Umar took the bold decision of recalling Khalid ibn Walid from supreme command on the [[Byzantine|Roman]] front.<ref>Haykal, 1944, Chapter 5, p. 140.</ref>