Editing Turan (section)

==== Ideology ====
{{Main|Turanid race}}

In European discourse, the words ''Turan'' and ''Turanian'' can designate a certain mentality, i.e. the [[nomad]]ic in contrast to the [[Urbanization|urbanized]] [[Agriculture|agricultural]] civilizations. This usage probably{{original research inline|date=June 2013}} matches the Zoroastrian concept of the ''Tūrya'', which is not primarily a linguistic or ethnic designation, but rather a name of the infidels who opposed the civilization based on the preaching of [[Zoroaster]].

Combined with physical anthropology, the concept of the Turanian mentality has a clear potential for cultural polemic. Thus in 1838 the scholar J.W. Jackson described the ''Turanid'' or ''Turanian'' race in the following words:<ref>"The Iran and Turan", ''Anthropological Review'' 6:22 (1868), p. 286</ref>

{{blockquote|The Turanian is the impersonation of material power. He is the merely muscular man at his maximum of collective development. He is not inherently a savage, but he is radically a barbarian. He does not live from hand to mouth, like a beast, but neither has he in full measure the moral and intellectual endowments of the true man. He can labour and he can accumulate, but he cannot think and aspire like a Caucasian. Of the two grand elements of superior human life, he is more deficient in the sentiments than in the faculties. And of the latter, he is better provided with those that conduce to the acquisition of knowledge than the origination of ideas.}}

Polish philosopher [[Feliks Koneczny]] claimed the existence of a distinctive '''Turanian civilization''', encompassing both Turkic and some [[Slavs]], such as [[Russians]]. This alleged civilization's hallmark would be militarism, [[anti-intellectualism]] and an absolute obedience to the ruler. Koneczny saw this civilization as inherently inferior to Latin (Western European) civilization.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}