Editing Total quality management (section)

==Legacy==
Interest in TQM as an academic subject peaked around 1993.<ref name="TTQMM"/>

The Federal Quality Institute was shuttered in September 1995 as part of the [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Clinton administration]]'s efforts to [[National Partnership for Reinventing Government#Impact of the National Performance Review|streamline government]].<ref name="QualityDigest">{{Citation | last = Dusharme | first = Dirk |date=August 1995 | title = Federal Quality Institute Set to Close | magazine = Quality Digest | publisher = QCI International | location = [[Red Bluff, California]] | issn = 1049-8699 | oclc = 17469778 | url = http://www.qualitydigest.com/aug95/newsdig.html#anchor558722 | access-date = 2013-10-19}}</ref>  The European Centre for Total Quality Management closed in August 2009.<ref name="Bradford">{{cite web | url = http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/management/external/page.php?section=homenew&page=ectqm | title = European Centre for Total Quality Management | website = www.brad.ac.uk | publisher = [[University of Bradford]] | location = [[Bradford|Bradford, United Kingdom]] | access-date = 2013-10-19 | quote = The European Centre for TQM has ceased to exist as from the end of August 2009. For all information related to ECTQM and its activities, please contact Professor [[Mohamed Zairi]].}}</ref>

TQM, as a vaguely defined quality management approach, was largely supplanted by the [[ISO 9000]] collection of standards and their formal certification processes in the 1990s.  Business interest in quality improvement under the TQM name also faded as [[Jack Welch]]'s success attracted attention to [[Six Sigma]] and [[Toyota]]'s success attracted attention to [[lean manufacturing]], though the three share many of the same tools, techniques, and significant portions of the same philosophy.

TQM lives on in various [[List of national quality awards|national quality awards]] around the globe.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vokurka |first1=Robert J |last2=Stading |first2=Gary L |last3=Brazeal |first3=Jason |title=A Comparative Analysis of National and Regional Quality Awards |url=http://asq.org/qic/display-item/?item=13968 |journal=Quality Progress |date=August 2000 |volume=33 |issue=8 |page=41 |issn=0033-524X |access-date=2014-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031803/http://asq.org/qic/display-item/?item=13968 | archive-date=2018-12-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref>