Editing Togo (section)

== Economy ==
{{Main|Economy of Togo}}
{{see also|List of companies based in Togo}}

The country possesses [[phosphate]] deposits<ref name="icye.org"/> and an export sector based on agricultural products such as [[coffee]], [[cocoa bean]], and [[peanut]]s (groundnuts), which together generate roughly 30% of export earnings.<ref name="icye.org" /> Cotton is a cash crop.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thefactfile.org/togo-facts/|title=The Fact File|website=factfile.org|date=19 January 2017|access-date=2018-08-06|archive-date=18 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518180208/https://thefactfile.org/togo-facts/|url-status=live}}</ref> The fertile land occupies 11.3% of the country, most of which is developed. Some crops are [[cassava]], [[jasmine rice]], [[maize]] and [[millet]]. Some other sectors are [[brewery]] and the [[textile]] industry. Low market prices for Togo's major export commodities coupled with the volatile political situation of the 1990s and 2000s had a negative effect on the economy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://britannica.com/place/Togo#toc55354|title=Britannica|website=Britannica.org|access-date=2017-08-26|archive-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508155423/https://www.britannica.com/place/Togo#toc55354|url-status=live}}</ref>

It is listed in the [[least developed country]] group. It serves as a regional commercial and trade centre. The government's decade-long efforts supported by the [[World Bank]] and the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) to carry out economic reforms, to encourage investments, and to create the balance between income and consumption has stalled. Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, jeopardized the reform program, shrank the tax base, and disrupted economic activities in the country.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} Togo was ranked 117th in the [[Global Innovation Index]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=[[World Intellectual Property Organization]]|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi= 10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}</ref>

It imports [[machinery]], equipment, [[petroleum]] products, and food. Its main import partners are France (21.1%), the Netherlands (12.1%), [[Côte d'Ivoire]] (5.9%), Germany (4.6%), Italy (4.4%), South Africa (4.3%) and China (4.1%). The main exports are [[Cocoa bean|cocoa]], [[coffee]], re-export of goods, [[phosphates]] and [[cotton]]. "Major export partners" are [[Burkina Faso]] (16.6%), China (15.4%), the Netherlands (13%), [[Benin]] (9.6%) and [[Mali]] (7.4%).

[[File:Togo-pedaleamundo.jpg|thumb|Fishermen]]
In terms of structural reforms, it has made progress in the [[liberalization]] of the economy, namely in the fields of [[trade]] and port activities. The privatization program of the cotton sector, [[telecommunications]] and water supply has stalled.

On 12 January 1994, the devaluation of the currency by 50% provided an impetus to renewed structural adjustment; these efforts were facilitated by the end of strife in 1994 and a return to overt political calm. Progress depends on increased openness in government financial operations (to accommodate increased social service outlays) and possible downsizing of the [[armed forces]], on which the regime has depended to stay in place. Lack of aid and depressed cocoa prices generated a 1% fall in GDP in 1998, with growth resuming in 1999. Togo is a member of the [[Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa]] (OHADA).<ref name="ohada.com">{{cite web| title = OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa| url = http://www.ohada.com/index.php| access-date = 22 March 2009| archive-date = 26 March 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090326033744/http://www.ohada.com/index.php| url-status = live}}</ref>

[[Agriculture]] is the "backbone" of the economy.<ref name="icye.org"/> A shortage of funds for the purchase of [[irrigation]] equipment and [[fertilizers]] has reduced agricultural output. Agriculture generated 28.2% of [[GDP]] in 2012 and employed 49% of the working population in 2010. The country is essentially [[self-sufficient]] in food production. [[Livestock]] production is dominated by [[cattle breeding]].<ref name="cia.gov">{{cite web |date=2023-02-27 |title=Togo |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/ |access-date=March 17, 2023 |series=[[The World Factbook]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |archive-date=12 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012171517/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/togo/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Getting Togo's Agriculture Back on Track, and Lifting Rural Families Out of Poverty Along the Way|author=Joelle Businger|url=http://blogs.worldbank.org/nasikiliza/getting-togos-agriculture-back-on-track-and-lifting-rural-families-out-of-poverty-along-the-way|access-date=5 July 2018|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002224128/https://blogs.worldbank.org/nasikiliza/getting-togos-agriculture-back-on-track-and-lifting-rural-families-out-of-poverty-along-the-way|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Mining]] generated about 33.9% of GDP in 2012 and employed 12% of the population in 2010. Togo's gold production in 2015 is 16 metric tons.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold production |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129233804/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table |archive-date=29 November 2023 |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=Our World in Data |url-status=live }}</ref> Togo has the fourth-largest [[phosphate]] deposits in the world. Their production is 2.1 million tons per year. There are reserves of [[limestone]], [[marble]] and [[salt]]. Industry provides 20.4% of Togo's national income, as it consists of light industries and builders. Some reserves of limestone allows Togo to produce [[cement]].<ref name="cia.gov"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Togo|title=Togo {{!}} Location, History, Population, & Facts|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-02-20|archive-date=7 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407192402/https://www.britannica.com/place/Togo|url-status=live}}</ref>