Editing Tipu Sultan (section)

==Death==
{{Further information|Fourth Anglo-Mysore War}}

[[File:Tipu Sultan, Indian warrior Emperor of Mysore.gif|left|thumb|upright=0.8|Tipu Sultan confronts his opponents during the [[Siege of Seringapatam (1799)|Siege of Srirangapatna.]]]]
[[Horatio Nelson]] defeated [[François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers]] at the [[Battle of the Nile]] in Egypt in 1798. Three armies marched into Mysore in 1799—one from [[Bombay]] and two British, one of which included Arthur Wellesley.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Francis |first1=P. Sempa |title=Wellington in India: A Great Commander in Embryo |website=thediplomat.com |url=https://thediplomat.com/2015/05/wellington-in-india-a-great-commander-in-embryo/ |access-date=16 September 2020}}</ref> They besieged the capital [[Srirangapatna]] in the [[Fourth Mysore War]].<ref>The Parliamentary Register; Or, History of the Proceedings and Debates of the [House of Lords and House of Commons]-J. Almon, 1793</ref> There were more than 60,000 soldiers of the British East India Company, approximately 4,000 Europeans and the rest Indians; while Tipu Sultan's forces numbered only around 30,000. The betrayal by Tipu Sultan's ministers in working with the British and weakening the walls to make an easy path for the British.<ref name="hindu"/><ref name="Sunderlal 2018 p. 364">{{cite book |last=Sunderlal |first=Pandit |title=How India Lost Her Freedom |publisher=SAGE Publications |year=2018 |isbn=978-93-5280-642-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E4lIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA364 |access-date=20 January 2022 |page=364}}</ref> The death of Tipu Sultan led British General Harris to exclaim "Now India is ours."{{sfn|Moienuddin|2000}}{{page needed|date=December 2023}}

When the British [[Battle of Srirangapatna|broke through]] the city walls, French military advisers told Tipu Sultan<ref name="Tipu's french advisors">{{cite news |title=Tipu Sultan: Here're lesser known facts about 'Tiger of Mysore' |url=https://www.siasat.com/tipu-sultan-herere-lesser-known-facts-about-tiger-mysore-1715508/ |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=The Siasat Daily |date=2 November 2019}}</ref> to escape via secret passages and to fight the rest of the wars from other forts, but he refused.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tipu, the Citizen-Sultan and the Myth of a Jacobin Club in India |url=https://thewire.in/history/the-citizen-sultan-a-jacobin-club-in-india |website=The Wire}}</ref> Tipu famously said "Better to live one day as a tiger than a thousand years as a sheep".<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199539536.001.0001/acref-9780199539536-e-156 |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs|edition=5 |access-date=14 February 2017|isbn=978-0-19-953953-6 |last1=Speake |first1=Jennifer |last2=Simpson |first2=John |date=23 October 2008 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref>

[[File:Tipu death.jpg|thumb|right|''[[The Last Effort and Fall of Tippoo Sultaun]]'' by [[Henry Singleton (painter)|Henry Singleton]], c. 1800]]
Tipu Sultan was killed at the Hoally (Diddy) Gateway, which was located {{convert|300|yd|m}} from the N.E. Angle of the Srirangapatna Fort.<ref>{{cite web|title=View of the Hoally Gateway, where Tipu Sultan was killed, Seringapatam (Mysore)|publisher=British Library Online Gallery |url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000000138u00000000.html|access-date=14 June 2009}}</ref> He was buried the next afternoon at the [[Gumbaz, Seringapatam|Gumaz]], next to the grave of his father. Many members of the British East India Company believed that [[Nawab of Carnatic]] [[Umdat Ul-Umra]] secretly provided assistance to Tipu Sultan during the war and sought his deposition after 1799.{{Citation needed|date= April 2018}} These five men include Mir Sadiq, Purnaiya, two military commanders Saiyed Saheb and Qamaruddin, and Mir Nadim, commandant of the fort of Seringapatam. The episode of treachery as narrated by Hasan starts with the disobedience of Tipu's instructions.<ref>{{Cite web|title= A Revaluation of tales of concerning Tipu Sultan's defeat|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/323998/a-re-evaluation-of-tales-of-betrayal-concerning-Tipu-Sultan's-defeat|first=Ayesha|last=Rafiq |date=20 November 2018|work=Daily Times|access-date=13 July 2022}}</ref> When he died there were jubilant celebrations in Britain, with authors, playwrights and painters creating works to celebrate it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://scroll.in/article/812199/seven-things-you-may-not-have-known-about-tipu-sultan-indias-first-freedom-fighter |title=Seven things you may not have known about Tipu Sultan, India's first freedom fighter |last=Brittlebank |first=Kate |date=22 July 2016 |archive-date=19 March 2022 |publisher=Scroll.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319184846/https://scroll.in/article/812199/seven-things-you-may-not-have-known-about-tipu-sultan-indias-first-freedom-fighter|url-status=live}}</ref> The death of Tipu Sultan was celebrated with declaration of public holiday in Britain.<ref name="te Deum">{{cite book |first= Anjali |last=Sengupta |date= 1984 |title= Cameos of Twelve European Women in India, 1757-1857 |publisher= Ṛddhi-India |pages= 11 |oclc= 13531696 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hHwtAAAAMAAJ&q=tipu+public+holiday}}</ref>