Editing Telegraphy (section)

=== Facsimile ===

[[File:Bain improved facsimile 1850.png|thumb|upright|[[Alexander Bain (inventor)|Alexander Bain]]'s facsimile machine, 1850]]

In 1843, Scottish inventor [[Alexander Bain (inventor)|Alexander Bain]] invented a device that could be considered the first [[facsimile machine]]. He called his invention a "recording telegraph". Bain's telegraph was able to transmit images by electrical wires. [[Frederick Bakewell]] made several improvements on Bain's design and demonstrated a telefax machine. In 1855, an Italian priest, [[Giovanni Caselli]], also created an electric telegraph that could transmit images. Caselli called his invention "[[Pantelegraph]]". Pantelegraph was successfully tested and approved for a telegraph line between [[Paris]] and [[Lyon]].<ref name="italianunivbio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.itisgalileiroma.it/shed/shed0/shed0/caselli.htm|title=CASELLI|website=www.itisgalileiroma.it|access-date=25 November 2013|archive-date=17 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817223601/http://www.itisgalileiroma.it/shed/shed0/shed0/caselli.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="hebrewuniversity">{{cite web|url=http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/history/caselli.html |title=The Institute of Chemistry - The Hebrew University of Jerusalem |work=huji.ac.il |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506061432/http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/history/caselli.html |archive-date=6 May 2008 }}</ref>

In 1881, English inventor [[Shelford Bidwell]] constructed the ''scanning phototelegraph'' that was the first telefax machine to scan any two-dimensional original, not requiring manual plotting or drawing. Around 1900, German physicist [[Arthur Korn]] invented the ''[[:de:Bildtelegrafie|Bildtelegraph]]'' widespread in continental Europe especially since a widely noticed transmission of a wanted-person photograph from Paris to London in 1908 used until the wider distribution of the radiofax. Its main competitors were the ''Bélinographe'' by [[Édouard Belin]] first, then since the 1930s, the ''[[Hellschreiber]]'', invented in 1929 by German inventor [[Rudolf Hell]], a pioneer in mechanical image scanning and transmission.
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