Editing Simulation (section)

===History of simulation in healthcare===
The first medical simulators were simple models of human patients.<ref name="medicalSimulationHistory">{{cite journal |author=Meller, G. |title=A Typology of Simulators for Medical Education |journal=Journal of Digital Imaging |volume=10 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=194–196 |year=1997 |url=http://www.medsim.com/profile/article1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991127134420/http://www.medsim.com/profile/article1.html |archive-date=27 November 1999 |doi=10.1007/BF03168699 |pmid=9268881 |pmc=3452832 }}</ref>

Since antiquity, these representations in clay and stone were used to demonstrate clinical features of disease states and their effects on humans. Models have been found in many cultures and continents. These models have been used in some cultures (e.g., Chinese culture) as a "[[medical diagnosis|diagnostic]]" instrument, allowing women to consult male physicians while maintaining social laws of modesty. Models are used today to help students learn the [[anatomy]] of the [[musculoskeletal]] system and organ systems.<ref name="medicalSimulationHistory" />

In 2002, the [[Society for Simulation in Healthcare]] (SSH) was formed to become a leader in international interprofessional advances the application of medical simulation in healthcare<ref name=Riley2008>{{cite book|author=Richard H. Riley|title=Chapter 38: Society for Simulation in Healthcare by Raemer, Dan IN: Manual of Simulation in Healthcare|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oABbAg2sjxYC&pg=PA532|year=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-920585-1|pages=532–}}</ref>

The need for a "uniform mechanism to educate, evaluate, and certify simulation instructors for the health care profession" was recognized by McGaghie et al. in their critical review of simulation-based medical education research.<ref name=pmid20078756>{{cite journal |vauthors=McGaghie WC, Issenberg SB, Petrusa ER, Scalese RJ |title=A critical review of simulation-based medical education research: 2003–2009 |journal=Medical Education |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=50–63 |year=2010 |pmid=20078756 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03547.x |s2cid=228055 }}</ref> In 2012 the SSH piloted two new certifications to provide recognition to educators in an effort to meet this need.<ref name=StruijkASPE2013>{{cite journal |author=Struijk, Jennie |title=Certified Healthcare Simulation Educator (CHSE) – an update for ASPE |date=11 April 2013 |journal=Association of Standardized Patient Educators News |url=http://aspenews.org/2013/04/11/certified-healthcare-simulation-educator-chse-an-update-for-aspe/ |access-date=27 December 2015}}</ref>