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===Security forces=== [[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1971-067-07, Sicherheitsdienst in Polen, Razzia.jpg|thumb|right|upright|SD personnel during a [[łapanka]] (random arrest) in occupied Poland]] The SD and the SiPo were the main sources of officers for the [[security forces]] in occupied territories. SD-SiPo led battalions were typically placed under the command of the [[SS and Police Leader]]s, reporting directly to the RSHA in Berlin. The SD also maintained a presence at all [[concentration camp]]s and supplied personnel, on an as-needed basis, to such special action troops as the ''[[Einsatzgruppen]]''.{{sfn|Reitlinger|1989|pp=116–117}} In fact, all members of the ''Einsatzgruppen'' wore the SD sleeve diamond on their uniforms.{{sfn|Dams|Stolle|2014|pp=120–121}}{{Efn|Many leading men in the SD had broad-ranging responsibilities across the network of interlocking Nazi agencies charged with the Reich's security; [[Werner Best]] proves a telling example in this regard, as he was not only an SD functionary, he was also an "''Einsatzgruppen''-organizer," the head of the military government in France, and "the Reich Plenipotentiary in Denmark."{{sfn|Gregor|2008|p=4}} }} The SD-SiPo was the primary agency, in conjunction with the ''[[Ordnungspolizei]]'', assigned to maintain order and security in the [[Nazi ghettos]] established by the Germans throughout occupied Eastern Europe.{{sfn|Spielvogel|2004|p=278}} On 7 December 1941, the same day as the Japanese [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], the first extermination camp was opened at Chelmno near Lodz by [[Ernst Damzog]], the SD and SiPo commander in occupied [[Poznań]] (Posen). Damzog had personally selected the staff for the killing centre and later supervised the daily operation of the camp, which was under the command of [[Herbert Lange]].{{sfn|Friedlander|1995|pp=136–140, 286–289}} Over a span of approximately 15 months, 150,000 people were killed there.{{sfn|Dederichs|2006|p=115}}
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