Editing Shogun (section)

==== Puppetization of the shogun by the ''tokusō'' ====
[[File:Hōjō Tokiyori.jpg|thumb|[[Hōjō Tokiyori]] shifted the source of power in the shogunate from the official position of ''shikken'' to the private title of ''[[tokusō]]'' of the Hojo clan.]]
In 1246, [[Hojo Tokiyori]] became the fifth ''shikken'', and in 1252 he installed [[Prince Munetaka]] as the sixth shogun. The appointment of a member of the imperial family as shogun made the shogun more and more like a puppet. After retiring from the shikkens, he used his position as head of the Hojo clan's main family, {{nihongo3||得宗|[[tokusō]]}}, to dominate politics, thus shifting the source of power in the shogunate from the ''shikken'' to ''tokusō''.<ref name="kotoshik"/><ref name="kototoku">{{cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BE%97%E5%AE%97-104805|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406161449/https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BE%97%E5%AE%97-104805|script-title=ja:得宗|language=ja|publisher=Kotobank|date=|archive-date=6 April 2024|access-date=6 April 2024}}</ref>

During the reign of [[Hojo Tokimune]], the eighth ''shikken'' and seventh ''tokusō'', the shogunate twice defeated the [[Mongol invasion of Japan]] in 1274 and 1281. The shogunate defeated the Mongols with the help of samurai called {{nihongo3||御家人|[[gokenin]]}}, lords in the service of the shogunate. However, since the war was a war of national defense and no new territory was gained, the shogunate was unable to adequately reward the ''gokenin'', and their dissatisfaction with the shogunate grew.<ref name="toukama">{{cite web|url=https://www.touken-world.jp/tips/56909/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406003622/https://www.touken-world.jp/tips/56909/|script-title=ja:鎌倉幕府とは|language=ja|publisher=The Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Nagoya Touken World|date=|archive-date=6 April 2024|access-date=6 April 2024}}</ref>

In 1285, during the reign of [[Hojo Sadatoki]], the ninth ''shikken'' and ''eighth tokusō'', Adachi Yasumori and his clan, who had been the main vassals of the Kamakura shogunate, were destroyed by Taira no Yoritsuna, further strengthening the ruling system of the ''tokusō'', which emphasized blood relations.<ref name="kotoshik"/> As tokusō's ruling system was strengthened, the power of the title of {{nihongo3||[[:ja:内管領|内管領]]|naikanrei}}, ''tokusō'''s chief retainer, increased, and when ''tokusō'' was young or incapacitated, ''naikanrei'' took control of the shogunate. Taira no Yoritsuna during the reign of Hojo Sadatoki, and Nagasaki Takatsuna and Nagasaki Takasuke during the reign of [[Hojo Takatoki]], the fourteenth ''shikken'' and ninth ''tokusō'', were ''naikanrei'' who took control of the Kamakura shogunate.<ref name="kototoku"/><ref name="kotonai">{{cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%86%85%E7%AE%A1%E9%A0%98-34755|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406161434/https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%86%85%E7%AE%A1%E9%A0%98-34755|script-title=ja:内管領|language=ja|publisher=Kotobank|date=|archive-date=6 April 2024|access-date=6 April 2024}}</ref>　In other words, Japanese politics was a multiple puppet structure: Emperor, shogun, shikken, tokusō, and naikanrei.

In response to ''gokenin'''s dissatisfaction with the shogunate, [[Emperor Go-Daigo]] planned to raise an army against the shogunate, but his plan was leaked and he was exiled to Oki Island in 1331. In 1333, Emperor Go-Daigo escaped from Oki Island and again called on ''gokenin'' and samurai to raise an army against the shogunate. [[Kusunoki Masashige]] was the first to respond to the call, sparking a series of rebellions against the shogunate in various places. [[Ashikaga Takauji]], who had been ordered by the shogunate to suppress the forces of Emperor Go-Daigo, turned to the emperor's side and attacked ''Rokuhara Tandai''. Then, in 1333, [[Nitta Yoshisada]] invaded Kamakura and the Kamakura shogunate fell, and the Hōjō clan was destroyed.<ref name="touken"/><ref name="toukama"/>