Editing Shanghai (section)

==Geography==
{{Main|Geography of Shanghai}}
[[File:Sprawling Shanghai 2016-07-20.jpg|thumb|left|The urban area of Shanghai in 2016, along with [[islands of Shanghai|its major islands]]. From northwest to southeast: [[Chongming Island|Chongming]], [[Changxing Island (Shanghai)|Changxing]], [[Hengsha Island|Hengsha]], and the [[Jiuduansha]] shoals off Pudong. The Yangtze's natural [[Sediment transport|sediment discharge]] can be seen.]]
Shanghai is located on the Yangtze [[Estuary]] of China's east coast, with the Yangtze River to the north and [[Hangzhou Bay]] to the south, with the [[East China Sea]] to the east. The land is formed by the Yangtze's natural [[deposition (geology)|deposition]] and modern [[land reclamation]] projects. As such, it has [[Loam|sandy soil]], and skyscrapers have to be built with deep concrete piles to avoid sinking into the soft ground.<ref name="SHChroniclesEnvir">{{cite web |script-title = zh:上海通志 第二卷 自然环境 |trans-title = General History of Shanghai – Volume 2. Natural environment |publisher = Office of Shanghai Chronicles |url = http://www.shtong.gov.cn/dfz_web/DFZ/PianInfo?idnode=4563&tableName=userobject1a&id=-1 |date = 4 July 2008 |access-date = 5 October 2019 |language = zh |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181025041948/http://www.shtong.gov.cn/dfz_web/DFZ/PianInfo?idnode=4563&tableName=userobject1a&id=-1 |archive-date = 25 October 2018 |url-status = live}}</ref> The provincial-level [[Municipality of Shanghai]] administers both the estuary and many of its [[islands of Shanghai|surrounding islands]]. It borders the provinces of [[Zhejiang]] to the south and [[Jiangsu]] to the west and north.<ref name="location">
{{cite web |title=Geography |url=https://english.shanghai.gov.cn/en-Overview/20231209/705180b43f794c1ca43f4d1ddaa049a2.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425133729/https://english.shanghai.gov.cn/en-Overview/20231209/705180b43f794c1ca43f4d1ddaa049a2.html |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=9 December 2023 |work=english.shanghai.gov.cn |publisher=Shanghai Municipal People's Government}}
</ref> The municipality's northernmost point is on [[Chongming Island]], which is the second-largest [[List of islands of China|island in mainland China]] after its expansion during the 20th century.<ref>[http://zhuanti.shanghai.gov.cn/encyclopedia/en/Default2.aspx#52 "Chongming Island" in the ''Encyclopedia of Shanghai'', p.&nbsp;52.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302131933/http://zhuanti.shanghai.gov.cn/encyclopedia/en/Default2.aspx |date=2 March 2013}} Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers (Shanghai), 2010. Hosted by the Municipality of Shanghai.</ref> It does not administratively include an [[exclave]] of Jiangsu on northern Chongming or the two islands forming Shanghai's [[Yangshan Port]], which are parts of Zhejiang's [[Shengsi County]].

Shanghai is located on an [[alluvial plain]]. As such, the vast majority of its {{convert|6340.5|km2|abbr=on}} land area is flat, with an average elevation of {{convert|4|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="topo">{{cite web |title= |script-title=zh:地域 (in Chinese). |url=https://www.shtong.gov.cn/difangzhi-front/book/detailNew?oneId=2&bookId=344775&parentNodeId=344806&nodeId=641940&type=-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505092811/https://www.shtong.gov.cn/difangzhi-front/book/detailNew?oneId=2&bookId=344775&parentNodeId=344806&nodeId=641940&type=-1%2A |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |publisher=Government of Shanghai}}
</ref> Tidal flat ecosystems exist around the estuary, however, they have long been reclaimed for agricultural purposes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1890/130260 |access-date=4 August 2021 |archive-date=15 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215055309/https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1890/130260 |url-status=dead | issn = 1540-9295}}</ref> The city's few hills, such as [[Sheshan Hill|She Shan]], lie to the southwest, and its highest point is the peak of [[Dajinshan Island]] ({{convert|103|m|abbr=on|disp=or}}) in Hangzhou Bay.<ref name="topo" /> Shanghai has many rivers, canals, streams, and lakes, and it is known for its rich water resources as part of the [[Lake Tai]] [[drainage basin]].<ref name="waterresources">
{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36486.html|title=Water Resources|work=Basic Facts|publisher=Shanghai Municipal People's Government|access-date=19 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003033713/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node23919/node24059/node24061/userobject22ai36486.html|archive-date=3 October 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{climate chart
| Shanghai
|3|9|72
|4|11|65
|8|15|97
|13|21|84
|18|26|91
|22|29|225
|26|33|163
|26|33|226
|23|29|132
|17|24|70
|11|18|61
|5|11|50
|float=right
|source=[https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/search/data-search/global-summary-of-the-month/ The National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)]
}}

Downtown Shanghai is bisected by the Huangpu River, a man-made [[tributary]] of the Yangtze created by order of Lord Chunshen during the Warring States period.<ref name="ancient" /> The historic center of the city was located on the west bank of the Huangpu ([[Puxi]]), near the mouth of Suzhou Creek, connecting it with Lake Tai and the [[Grand Canal of China|Grand Canal]]. The central financial district, Lujiazui, has been established on the east bank of the Huangpu (Pudong). Along Shanghai's eastern shore, the destruction of local [[wetlands]] due to the construction of [[Pudong International Airport]] has been partially offset by the protection and expansion of a nearby shoal, [[Jiuduansha]], as a nature preserve.<ref>[http://www.china.org.cn/environment/2009-12/08/content_19028666_2.htm "Fourth Island Wetland Emerging", pp.&nbsp;1–2.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924042546/http://www.china.org.cn/environment/2009-12/08/content_19028666_2.htm |date=24 September 2015}} ''[[Shanghai Daily]]''. 8 December 2009. Hosted at China.org.</ref>

===Climate===
Shanghai has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfa''), with an average annual temperature of {{convert|17.5|°C}} for downtown areas and {{convert|16.2–17.2|°C}} for suburbs.<ref name="SHChroniclesEnvir" /> The city experiences four distinct seasons. Winters are temperate to cold and damp—northwesterly winds from [[Siberia]] can cause nighttime temperatures to drop below freezing. Each year, there are an average of 4.7 days with snowfall and 1.6 days with snow cover.<ref name="SHChroniclesEnvir" /> Summers are hot and humid, and occasional downpours or [[thunderstorms]] can be expected. On average, 14.5 days exceed {{convert|35|°C}} annually. In summer and the beginning of autumn, the city is susceptible to [[typhoon]]s.<ref name="wiphatelegraph">
{{cite news|title = 1.6m flee Shanghai typhoon|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/09/19/wtyphoon119.xml|work = The Daily Telegraph|location = UK|date = 19 September 2008|access-date = 20 March 2008|first = Richard|last = Spencer|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013183032/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F09%2F19%2Fwtyphoon119.xml|archive-date = 13 October 2007|url-status = dead}}</ref>

The most pleasant seasons are generally spring, although changeable and often rainy, and autumn, which is usually sunny and dry. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 28% in June to 46% in August, the city receives 1,754 hours of bright sunshine annually. (All the mean values mentioned in this paragraph are data observed in Baoshan District） According to China's seasonal division standard, from 2001 to 2025, Shanghai enters spring on 9 March, summer on 15 May, autumn on 5 October, and winter on 4 December. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from {{convert|−10.1|°C|0}} on 31 January 1977 (unofficial record of {{convert|−12.1|°C|0}} was set on 19 January 1893) to {{convert|40.9|°C|0}} on 21 July 2017<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hottest day ever in Shanghai as heat wave bakes China |url=https://phys.org/news/2017-07-hottest-day-shanghai-china.html |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=phys.org |language=en |archive-date=2 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902055903/https://phys.org/news/2017-07-hottest-day-shanghai-china.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and 13 July 2022<ref>{{Cite web |title=Temperature in Shanghai hits record high - People's Daily Online |url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0714/c90000-10122935.html |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=en.people.cn |archive-date=2 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902061414/http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0714/c90000-10122935.html |url-status=live}}</ref> at a [[weather station]] in [[Xujiahui]] and 2 August 2024 in Minhang District following a record hot night set at {{convert|32.1|°C|0}} as the highest ever daily minimum temperature at Xujiahui.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Extreme Temperatures Around the World |url=https://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=www.mherrera.org |archive-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115040834/https://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2 August 2024 |title=HISTORIC HEAT WAVE IN CHINA Shanghai just had its hottest night in history with a brutal minimum of 32.1C. All time high in Minhang with 40.9C and Zhuji with 41.5C. In SOUTH KOREA all time high at Donghae with 37.2C Next tweet: Hundreds of records allover Middle East. (By Extreme Temperatures Around The World) |url=https://x.com/extremetemps/status/1819377134688784856 |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=X (formerly Twitter)}}</ref> On 8 August 2013, the weather station at [[Shanghai Pudong International Airport]] also observed a high temperature of {{convert|41.0|°C|0}}.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = Shanghai ([[Xujiahui]]), elevation {{convert|5|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| Jan record high C = 21.6
| Feb record high C = 27.0
| Mar record high C = 31.1
| Apr record high C = 33.9
| May record high C = 36.7
| Jun record high C = 38.4
| Jul record high C = 40.9
| Aug record high C = 40.8
| Sep record high C = 38.2
| Oct record high C = 36.0
| Nov record high C = 28.5
| Dec record high C = 23.4
| Jan record low C = -10.1
| Feb record low C = -7.9
| Mar record low C = -5.4
| Apr record low C = -0.5
| May record low C = 6.9
| Jun record low C = 12.3
| Jul record low C = 16.3
| Aug record low C = 18.8
| Sep record low C = 10.8
| Oct record low C = 1.7
| Nov record low C = -4.2
| Dec record low C = -8.5
| Jan high C = 8.7
| Feb high C = 10.7
| Mar high C = 14.9
| Apr high C = 20.9
| May high C = 25.8
| Jun high C = 28.6
| Jul high C = 33.2
| Aug high C = 32.6
| Sep high C = 28.7
| Oct high C = 23.5
| Nov high C = 17.8
| Dec high C = 11.3
| Jan mean C = 5.4
| Feb mean C = 7.0
| Mar mean C = 10.7
| Apr mean C = 16.1
| May mean C = 21.3
| Jun mean C = 24.7
| Jul mean C = 29.1
| Aug mean C = 28.8
| Sep mean C = 25.1
| Oct mean C = 19.9
| Nov mean C = 14.3
| Dec mean C = 7.9
| Jan low C = 2.9
| Feb low C = 4.1
| Mar low C = 7.6
| Apr low C = 12.6
| May low C = 17.9
| Jun low C = 22.0
| Jul low C = 26.2
| Aug low C = 26.2
| Sep low C = 22.5
| Oct low C = 17.1
| Nov low C = 11.4
| Dec low C = 5.3
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 72.2
| Feb precipitation mm = 65.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 97.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 84.2
| May precipitation mm = 91.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 224.9
| Jul precipitation mm = 163.2
| Aug precipitation mm = 225.9
| Sep precipitation mm = 131.5
| Oct precipitation mm = 69.6
| Nov precipitation mm = 61.4
| Dec precipitation mm = 50.4
| Jan humidity = 71
| Feb humidity = 71
| Mar humidity = 70
| Apr humidity = 69
| May humidity = 70
| Jun humidity = 79
| Jul humidity = 76
| Aug humidity = 76
| Sep humidity = 74
| Oct humidity = 70
| Nov humidity = 71
| Dec humidity = 69
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 10.6
| Feb precipitation days = 10.4
| Mar precipitation days = 12.7
| Apr precipitation days = 11.3
| May precipitation days = 11.2
| Jun precipitation days = 14.3
| Jul precipitation days = 12.2
| Aug precipitation days = 12.7
| Sep precipitation days = 10.1
| Oct precipitation days = 7.5
| Nov precipitation days = 9.2
| Dec precipitation days = 8.5
| year precipitation days = 130.7
| Jan sun = 114.3
| Feb sun = 119.9
| Mar sun = 128.5
| Apr sun = 148.5
| May sun = 169.8
| Jun sun = 130.9
| Jul sun = 190.8
| Aug sun = 185.7
| Sep sun = 167.5
| Oct sun = 161.4
| Nov sun = 131.1
| Dec sun = 127.4
| year sun = 1775.8
| Jan snow days = 2.1
| Feb snow days = 1.8
| Mar snow days = 0.5
| Apr snow days = 0.0
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 0.9
| year snow days = 5.4
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]] (sun 1981–2010)<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="experience.arcgis.com">{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref><ref name = CMA2 >
{{cite web|url = http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/dataSetLogger.do?changeFlag=dataLogger |title = 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集|publisher = [[China Meteorological Administration]]
|language = Chinese| accessdate = 2014-06-11}}</ref> all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World|access-date= 2024-09-22}}</ref>
| source = 
}}
{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = [[Minhang, Shanghai|Minhang District]], elevation {{convert|6|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|collapsed = Y
|Jan record high C = 24.0
|Feb record high C = 27.2
|Mar record high C = 31.5
|Apr record high C = 33.3
|May record high C = 37.5
|Jun record high C = 37.3
|Jul record high C = 40.8
|Aug record high C = 40.9
|Sep record high C = 37.4
|Oct record high C = 35.4
|Nov record high C = 29.7
|Dec record high C = 23.9
|Jan record low C = -11.0
|Feb record low C = -8.5
|Mar record low C = -5.2
|Apr record low C = -0.6
|May record low C = 6.0
|Jun record low C = 12.4
|Jul record low C = 16.6
|Aug record low C = 18.5
|Sep record low C = 10.3
|Oct record low C = 2.3
|Nov record low C = -4.7
|Dec record low C = -8.8
|Jan high C = 	8.7
|Feb high C = 	10.7
|Mar high C = 	14.8
|Apr high C = 	20.6
|May high C = 	25.5
|Jun high C = 	28.3
|Jul high C = 	32.8
|Aug high C = 	32.3
|Sep high C = 	28.5
|Oct high C = 	23.6
|Nov high C = 	17.9
|Dec high C = 	11.5
|Jan mean C = 	4.9
|Feb mean C = 	6.6
|Mar mean C = 	10.4
|Apr mean C = 	15.8
|May mean C = 	20.9
|Jun mean C = 	24.4
|Jul mean C = 	28.8
|Aug mean C = 	28.5
|Sep mean C = 	24.7
|Oct mean C = 	19.5
|Nov mean C = 	13.7
|Dec mean C = 	7.3
|Jan low C = 	1.9
|Feb low C = 	3.3
|Mar low C = 	6.8
|Apr low C = 	11.9
|May low C = 	17.2
|Jun low C = 	21.5
|Jul low C = 	25.8
|Aug low C = 	25.7
|Sep low C = 	21.6
|Oct low C = 	15.9
|Nov low C = 	10.1
|Dec low C = 	3.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 	70.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 	65.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 	95.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 	82.5
|May precipitation mm = 	93.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 	207.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 	148.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 	187.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 	118.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 	68.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 	59.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 	50.3
|Jan humidity = 	74
|Feb humidity = 	73
|Mar humidity = 	72
|Apr humidity = 	71
|May humidity = 	73
|Jun humidity = 	80
|Jul humidity = 	78
|Aug humidity = 	78
|Sep humidity = 	76
|Oct humidity = 	73
|Nov humidity = 	74
|Dec humidity = 	72
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm	
|Jan precipitation days = 	10.9
|Feb precipitation days = 	10.2
|Mar precipitation days = 	12.9
|Apr precipitation days = 	11.3
|May precipitation days = 	11.2
|Jun precipitation days = 	14.5
|Jul precipitation days = 	11.7
|Aug precipitation days = 	12.4
|Sep precipitation days = 	9.8
|Oct precipitation days = 	7.4
|Nov precipitation days = 	9.1
|Dec precipitation days = 	8.3
|year precipitation days = 	
|Jan sun = 	114.8
|Feb sun = 	117.9
|Mar sun = 	143.8
|Apr sun = 	168.1
|May sun = 	176.8
|Jun sun = 	131.2
|Jul sun = 	209.4
|Aug sun = 	202.3
|Sep sun = 	163.7
|Oct sun = 	162.1
|Nov sun = 	131.1
|Dec sun = 	129.7
|year sun = 	
| Jan percentsun = 	36
| Feb percentsun = 	37
| Mar percentsun = 	39
| Apr percentsun = 	43
| May percentsun = 	41
| Jun percentsun = 	31
| Jul percentsun = 	49
| Aug percentsun = 	50
| Sep percentsun = 	45
| Oct percentsun = 	46
| Nov percentsun = 	42
| Dec percentsun = 	41
| year percentsun =	
|Jan snow days = 	1.8
|Feb snow days = 	1.4
|Mar snow days = 	0.4
|Apr snow days = 	0
|May snow days = 	0
|Jun snow days = 	0
|Jul snow days = 	0
|Aug snow days = 	0
|Sep snow days = 	0
|Oct snow days = 	0
|Nov snow days = 	0.1
|Dec snow days = 	0.7
|year snow days = 	
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical" /><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =26 August 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>
}}
{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = [[Baoshan, Shanghai|Baoshan District]], elevation {{convert|6|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| Jan record high C = 23.0
| Feb record high C = 27.0
| Mar record high C = 33.1
| Apr record high C = 34.3
| May record high C = 36.4
| Jun record high C = 37.5
| Jul record high C = 39.7
| Aug record high C = 40.0
| Sep record high C = 38.2
| Oct record high C = 36.7
| Nov record high C = 29.2
| Dec record high C = 24.4
| Jan record low C = -10.1
| Feb record low C = -7.9
| Mar record low C = -5.4
| Apr record low C = -0.5
| May record low C = 6.9
| Jun record low C = 12.3
| Jul record low C = 16.3
| Aug record low C = 18.3
| Sep record low C = 10.8
| Oct record low C = 1.7
| Nov record low C = -4.2
| Dec record low C = -8.5
| Jan high C = 8.2
| Feb high C = 10.1
| Mar high C = 14.3
| Apr high C = 20.1
| May high C = 25.1
| Jun high C = 27.8
| Jul high C = 32.4
| Aug high C = 31.9
| Sep high C = 27.9
| Oct high C = 22.9
| Nov high C = 17.5
| Dec high C = 11.0
| Jan mean C = 4.9
| Feb mean C = 6.5
| Mar mean C = 10.3
| Apr mean C = 15.7
| May mean C = 20.9
| Jun mean C = 24.4
| Jul mean C = 28.8
| Aug mean C = 28.5
| Sep mean C = 24.7
| Oct mean C = 19.7
| Nov mean C = 13.9
| Dec mean C = 7.5
| Jan low C = 2.2
| Feb low C = 3.6
| Mar low C = 6.9
| Apr low C = 12.0
| May low C = 17.5
| Jun low C = 21.7
| Jul low C = 25.9
| Aug low C = 25.9
| Sep low C = 22.2
| Oct low C = 16.7
| Nov low C = 10.7
| Dec low C = 4.4
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 69.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 64.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 86.5
| Apr precipitation mm = 77.1
| May precipitation mm = 90.2
| Jun precipitation mm = 196.7
| Jul precipitation mm = 146.9
| Aug precipitation mm = 210.1
| Sep precipitation mm = 116.5
| Oct precipitation mm = 71.4
| Nov precipitation mm = 57.5
| Dec precipitation mm = 49.3
| Jan humidity = 73
| Feb humidity = 73
| Mar humidity = 72
| Apr humidity = 70
| May humidity = 71
| Jun humidity = 79
| Jul humidity = 76
| Aug humidity = 77
| Sep humidity = 75
| Oct humidity = 71
| Nov humidity = 72
| Dec humidity = 71
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 10.0
| Feb precipitation days = 9.7
| Mar precipitation days = 12.2
| Apr precipitation days = 10.6
| May precipitation days = 10.8
| Jun precipitation days = 13.7
| Jul precipitation days = 11.9
| Aug precipitation days = 12.5
| Sep precipitation days = 9.9
| Oct precipitation days = 7.0
| Nov precipitation days = 8.6
| Dec precipitation days = 8.1
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan sun = 110.4
| Feb sun = 115.4
| Mar sun = 136.6
| Apr sun = 157.0
| May sun = 169.7
| Jun sun = 120.7
| Jul sun = 184.7
| Aug sun = 186.5
| Sep sun = 161.2
| Oct sun = 157.6
| Nov sun = 127.1
| Dec sun = 127.1
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 34
| Feb percentsun = 37
| Mar percentsun = 37
| Apr percentsun = 40
| May percentsun = 40
| Jun percentsun = 28
| Jul percentsun = 43
| Aug percentsun = 46
| Sep percentsun = 44
| Oct percentsun = 45
| Nov percentsun = 40
| Dec percentsun = 41
| year percentsun = 
| Jan snow days = 1.9
| Feb snow days = 1.4
| Mar snow days = 0.4
| Apr snow days = 0.1
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 0.7
| year snow days = 
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical" /><ref name="experience.arcgis.com"/>
}}