Editing Richmond Park (section)

===Stuart origins===
In 1625 [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] brought his court to [[Richmond Palace]] to escape an outbreak of plague in London<ref name="Landscape History">{{cite web | url=https://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond-park/about-richmond-park/landscape-history | title=Richmond Park: Landscape History | publisher=[[The Royal Parks]] | access-date=7 October 2012 | archive-date=6 May 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506134616/https://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/richmond-park/about-richmond-park/landscape-history }}</ref> and turned the area on the hill above Richmond into a park for the hunting of red and fallow deer.<ref name="Landscape History"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.frp.org.uk/history/|title= About the Park: History|publisher= [[The Friends of Richmond Park]]|access-date= 13 December 2020}}</ref> It was originally referred to as the king's "New Park"<ref name= Eyre>{{cite book | url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C4048674|title= Surrey: Richmond. Plan of New Park (now Richmond Park) as in 1754. Scale: 1 inch to...|access-date = 4 January 2022| publisher=[[The National Archives (UK)]]}}</ref> to distinguish it from the existing park in Richmond, which is now known as [[Old Deer Park]]. In 1637 he appointed [[Jerome Weston, 2nd Earl of Portland]] as keeper of the new park for life, with a fee of 12 [[Penny (British pre-decimal coin)|(old) pence]] a day, pasture for four horses, and the use of the brushwood<ref name="Calendar 1644">{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924091770309#page/n289/mode/2up|title=Calendar of State Papers, Domestic series, of the reign of Charles I, 1644, preserved in Her Majesty's Public Record Office | publisher=[[HMSO]] | editor=William Douglas Hamilton | year=1888 | location=London | page=234}}</ref>&nbsp;– later holders of that office were known as [[List of keepers and rangers of Richmond Park|"Ranger"]]. Charles's decision, also in 1637, to [[enclosure|enclose]] the land{{refn|group="nb"|An [[Ordnance Survey]] map, published in 1949 and now held at [[The National Archives (UK)]], shows contemporary features in Richmond Park alongside the place names and field boundaries that existed prior to the [[Enclosure#Parliamentary inclosure acts|1637 Enclosure Act]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1864821 |title=Richmond Park: field boundaries before Enclosure Act 1637|work= ZOS 5/5  |date=1949 |publisher=[[The National Archives (UK)]] |access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref>}} was not popular with the local residents, but he did allow pedestrians the right of way.<ref name="Malden">{{cite web | url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/surrey/vol3/pp533-546#n95 | title=A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3 | publisher=British History Online | work=[[Victoria County History]] | year=1911 | access-date=8 February 2025 | author=H E Malden | pages=533–546| author-link=Henry Elliot Malden }}</ref> To this day the walls remain, although they have been partially rebuilt and reinforced. Following [[Charles I of England#Execution|Charles I's execution]], custodianship of the park passed to the [[Corporation of the City of London]]. It was returned to the restored monarch, [[Charles II of England|Charles II]], on his return to London in 1660.<ref>McDowall, p. 51</ref>