Editing Red (section)

=== Hair color ===
{{Main|Red hair}}
[[File:Woman redhead natural portrait 1.jpg|thumb|Red hair only occurs in 1–2% of the human population.]]
Red hair occurs naturally on approximately 1–2% of the human population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.garreau.com/main.cfm?action=chapters&id=20|title=Red Alert!|last=Garreau|first=Joel|date=Mar 18, 2002|website=The Garreau Group|publisher=The Washington Post|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527035304/http://www.garreau.com/main.cfm?action=chapters&id=20|archive-date=May 27, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=Nov 23, 2018}}</ref> It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations. Red hair appears in people with two copies of a [[Dominance relationship|recessive gene]] on [[chromosome 16]] which causes a mutation in the [[melanocortin 1 receptor|MC1R]] protein.<ref name="thetech">{{cite web |last=Starr |first=D. Barry |url=https://www.thetech.org/ask-a-geneticist/articles/2004/ask44/ |title=Neither my husband nor I have redheads in our family. How did our child get red hair? |date=26 August 2004 |website=[[The Tech Interactive]] |series=Ask a Geneticist |access-date=4 August 2024 |quote=When someone has both of their MC1R genes mutated, this conversion doesn't happen anymore and you get a buildup of pheomelanin, which results in red hair}}</ref>

Red hair varies from a deep [[Burgundy (color)|burgundy]] through [[Orange (color)#Burnt orange|burnt orange]] to bright [[Copper (color)|copper]]. It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment [[pheomelanin]] (which also accounts for the red color of the lips) and relatively low levels of the dark pigment [[eumelanin]]. The term "redhead" (originally ''redd hede'') has been in use since at least 1510.<ref>{{cite web|title=redhead, n. and adj.|work=OED Online|url=http://oed.com/view/Entry/160309|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|access-date=7 August 2011|date=June 2011|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101102147/https://oed.com/start;jsessionid=A69DA6EA6221596E8BC455D7F3F021F3?authRejection=true&url=%2Fview%2FEntry%2F160309|url-status=live}}</ref>