Editing Pneumonia (section)

===Diagnosis in children===
The [[World Health Organization]] has defined pneumonia in children clinically based on either a cough or difficulty breathing and a rapid respiratory rate, chest indrawing, or a decreased level of consciousness.<ref name=WHOBook/> A rapid respiratory rate is defined as greater than 60 breaths per minute in children under 2 months old, greater than 50 breaths per minute in children 2 months to 1 year old, or greater than 40 breaths per minute in children 1 to 5 years old.<ref name=WHOBook>{{cite book|last1=Ezzati|first1=Majid | last2 = Lopez | first2 = Alan D. | last3 = Rodgers | first3 = Anthony | last4 = Murray | first4 = Christopher J.L. |title=Comparative quantification of health risks|year=2004|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Genève|isbn=978-92-4-158031-1|page=70|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ACV1jEGx4AgC&pg=PA70}}</ref>

In children, low oxygen levels and lower chest indrawing are more [[Sensitivity and specificity|sensitive]] than hearing chest [[crackles]] with a [[stethoscope]] or increased respiratory rate.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shah SN, Bachur RG, Simel DL, Neuman MI | title = Does This Child Have Pneumonia?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review | journal = JAMA | volume = 318 | issue = 5 | pages = 462–71 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28763554 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2017.9039 | s2cid = 44974175 }}</ref> Grunting and nasal flaring may be other useful signs in children less than five years old.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rambaud-Althaus C, Althaus F, Genton B, D'Acremont V | title = Clinical features for diagnosis of pneumonia in children younger than 5 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = The Lancet. Infectious Diseases | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 439–50 | date = April 2015 | pmid = 25769269 | doi = 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)70017-4 }}</ref>

Lack of wheezing is an indicator of ''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'' in children with pneumonia, but as an indicator it is not accurate enough to decide whether or not [[macrolide]] treatment should be used.<ref name=Wang2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang K, Gill P, Perera R, Thomson A, Mant D, Harnden A | title =  Clinical symptoms and signs for the diagnosis of ''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'' in children and adolescents with community-acquired pneumonia| journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2012 | pages = CD009175 | date = October 2012 | issue = 10 | pmid = 23076954 | pmc = 7117561 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD009175.pub2 }}</ref> The presence of chest pain in children with pneumonia doubles the probability of ''Mycoplasma pneumoniae''.<ref name=Wang2012/>