Editing Plovdiv (section)

===Ethnicity and religion===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Households of the Ottoman city by ethnoreligious groups
|-
! style="width:9%;"| Year<ref>{{Cite thesis |url=https://www.academia.edu/952671 |title=Demographic Features of Ottoman Upper Thrace: A Case Study On Filibe, Tatar Pazarcik and Stanımaka (1472–1614)| publisher=The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University|first=Grigor|last=Boykov|degree=MA|access-date=25 August 2017 |archive-date=22 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922185748/http://www.academia.edu/952671/Demographic_Features_of_Ottoman_Upper_Thrace_A_Case_Study_on_Filibe_Tatar_Pazarcik_and_Istanimaka_1472-1614 |url-status=live |date=January 2004 }}</ref>
! style="width:9%;"| [[Muslims]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Christians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Roma people|Roma]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Jews]]
|-
! 1472
| 81.7%||18.3% || ||
|-
! 1489
| 87.1% || 8.2%||3.5% ||
|-
! 1490 (households)<ref>Art and Society of Bulgaria in the Turkish Period: A Sketch of the Economic, Juridical, and Artistic Preconditions of Bulgarian Post-Byzantine Art and Its Place in the Development of the Art of the Christian Balkans, 1360/70-1700 : a New Interpretation, p. 83</ref>
| 796||78||33 ||
|-
! 1516
| 86.7%|| 7%|| 2.8%|| 2.5% 
|-
! 1525
| 85.2%|| 7.5%|| 3.2%|| 3% 
|-
! 1530
| 82.1%|| 9.1%|| 3.8%|| 3.7% 
|-
! 1570
| 82%|| 9.3%|| 2.7%|| 5.4% 
|-
! 1595
| 78.2%|| 14%|| 2.9%|| 4.8% 
|-
! 1614
| 68.3%|| 22.6%|| 7.7%|| 4.1%
|- 
! 1695<ref name="egeweb2.ege.edu.tr"/>
| 81% || 14% || ||
|-
! 1876<ref>{{cite web |last=Demeter |first=Gabor |title=New series of ethnic maps by Zsolt Bottlik |website=Academia |url=https://www.academia.edu/25242517 |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-date=29 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150601/https://www.academia.edu/25242517/New_series_of_ethnic_maps_by_Zsolt_Bottlik |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 33% ||  || ||
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Population by ethnic groups under [[Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria|Russian administration]], [[Eastern Rumelia]] and Bulgaria
|-
! style="width:9%;"| Census
! style="width:9%;"| Total
! style="width:9%;"| [[Bulgarians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Turks in Bulgaria|Turks]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Jews in Bulgaria|Jews]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Greeks in Bulgaria|Greeks]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Armenians in Bulgaria|Armenians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Roma in Bulgaria|Roma]]
! style="width:9%;"| Others
! style="width:9%;"| Unspecified
|-
! 1878
| {{val|24053}}<ref>[http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl: ИЗТОЧНА РУМЕЛИЯ МЕЖДУ ЕВРОПА И ОРИЕНТА] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl: |date=11 July 2011 }}, посетен на 17 януари 2008 г.</ref> || {{val|10909}} (45.35%)|| {{val|5558}} (23.10%) || {{val|1134}} (4.71%) || {{val|4781}} (19.88%) || 806 (3.35%) || 865 (3.60%) || 902 (3.75%)
|-
! 1884<ref name="histmuseum">{{cite web|url=http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:|title=Източна Румелия между Европа и Ориента|publisher=Регионален исторически музей Пловдив|language=bg|access-date=11 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:|archive-date=11 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
–
| {{val|33442}} || {{val|16752}} (50.09%)|| {{val|7144}} (21.36%)|| {{val|2168}} (6.48%)|| {{val|5497}} (16.44%)|| 979 (2.93%)|| 112 || 902 (2.70%)
|-
! 1887
| {{val|33032}} || {{val|19542}} ||{{val|5615}} ||{{val|2202}} ||{{val|3930}} ||903 ||348 ||492
|-
! 1892
| {{val|36033}} || {{val|20854}} ||{{val|6381}} ||{{val|2696}}||{{val|3906}} ||{{val|1024}} ||237 ||935
|-
! 1900
| {{val|43033}} || {{val|24170}} ||{{val|4708}} ||{{val|3602}} ||{{val|3908}} ||{{val|1844}} ||{{val|1934}} ||{{val|2869}}
|-
! 1910
| {{val|47981}} || {{val|32727}}||{{val|2946}}||{{val|4436}} ||{{val|1571}} ||{{val|1794}} ||{{val|3524}} ||983
|-
! 1920
| {{val|64415}} || {{val|46889}} ||{{val|5605}} ||{{val|5144}} ||{{val|1071}}||{{val|3773}}||{{val|1342}} ||591
|-
! 1926
| {{val|84655}} || {{val|63268}} ||{{val|4748}}||{{val|5612}} ||549||{{val|5881}}||{{val|2746}} ||{{val|1851}}
|-
! 1934
| {{val|99883}} || {{val|77449}}||{{val|6102}} ||{{val|5574}} ||340 ||{{val|5316}}||{{val|2728}} ||{{val|2374}}
|-
! 1939
| {{val|105643}} (100%) || {{val|82012}} (77.63%)||{{val|6462}} (6.12%)||{{val|5960}} (5,64%)||200 (0.19%)||{{val|6591}} (6.24%)||{{val|2982}} (2.82%) ||{{val|1436}} (1.36%)
|-
! 2001<ref name="mncp">{{cite web |url=http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf |title=Municipal development plan of Plovdiv (incl. 2001 census data) |access-date=10 August 2011 |archive-date=14 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214084451/http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf }}</ref>
| {{val|338224}} || {{val|302858}} (89.5%)||{{val|22501}} (6.7%)||||||||{{val|5192}} (1.5%) ||{{val|5764}} (1.7%)||{{val|1909}}
|-
! 2011<ref>{{in lang|bg}} [http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls Population on 01.02.2011 by provinces, municipalities, settlements and age; National Statistical Institute] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908134107/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls |date=8 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521202356/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls |date=21 May 2013 }} {{in lang|bg}}</ref>
|{{val|338153}} || {{val|277804}} (82.2%) || {{val|16032}} (4.7%)|||||||1436 (0.4%) ||9438 (2.8%)||{{val|3105}} (0.9%)||{{val|31774}} (9.4%)
|}

In its ethnic character Plovdiv is the second or the third-largest cosmopolitan city inhabited by [[Bulgarians]], after [[Sofia]] and possibly [[Varna, Bulgaria|Varna]]. According to the 2001 census, out of a population of 338,224 inhabitants, the Bulgarians numbered 302,858 (90%). [[Stolipinovo]] in Plovdiv is the largest Roma neighbourhood in the [[Balkans]], having a population of around 20,000 alone; further Roma ghettos are [[Hadji Hassan Mahala]] and [[Sheker Mahala]]. Therefore, the census number is a deflation of the number of Roma people, and they are most likely the second-largest group after the Bulgarians, most of all because the Muslim Roma in Plovdiv claim to be of Turkish ethnicity and Turkish-speaking at the census ("[[Xoraxane]] Roma").<ref>[http://facta.junis.ni.ac.rs/facta/pas/pas99/pas99-09.pdf "The Relations of Ethnic and Confessional Consciousness of Roma in Bulgaria", Elena Marushiakova, Vesselin Popov]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> For further information see the article [[The Roma in Plovdiv|Roma people in Plovdiv]]. Like elsewhere in the country, Roma people are subjected to discrimination and segregation (See the Bulgaria section of the article [[Antiziganism]]).

After the Wars for National Union ([[Balkan Wars]] and World War I), the city became home for thousands of refugees from the former Bulgarian lands in [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]], [[Western Thrace|Western]] and [[Eastern Thrace]]. Many of the old neighbourhoods are still referred to as ''Belomorski'', ''Vardarski''. Most of the Jews left the city after the foundation of [[Israel]] in 1948, as well as most of the Turks and Greeks. Prior to the population exchange, as of 1 January 1885, the city of Plovdiv had a population of 33,442, of which 16,752 were [[Bulgarians]] (50%), 7,144 [[Turkish people|Turks]] (21%), 5,497 [[Greeks]] (16%), 2,168 Jews (6%), 1,061 [[Armenians]] (3%), 151 [[Italians]], 112 [[Germans]], 112 [[Romani people]], 80 [[French people]], 61 [[Russians]] and 304 people of other nationalities.<ref name="histmuseum"/>

The vast majority of the inhabitants are Christians, mostly [[Eastern Orthodox]], Catholics, [[Eastern Catholic]]s, and Protestant trends ([[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Adventists]], [[Baptists]] and others). There are also some [[Muslims]] and Jews. In Plovdiv, there are many churches, two mosques and one synagogue (see [[Plovdiv Synagogue]]).

Some [[Aromanians]] also inhabit Plovdiv.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/IJSL.2006.029/pdf|title=The Aromânians: an ethnos and language with a 2000-year history|first=Nikolai|last=Kyurkchiev|journal=[[International Journal of the Sociology of Language]]|issue=179|pages=115–129|year=2006|doi=10.1515/IJSL.2006.029|s2cid=144939846}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg|The Virgin Mary Eastern Orthodox Church
File:Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg|The [[Plovdiv Synagogue]]
File:ProtestantChurchPlovdiv (2).JPG|A Protestant church
File:StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg|The [[Cathedral of St Louis (Plovdiv)|St Louis Roman Catholic Cathedral]]
File:St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg|St George Armenian Church
File:Filibe cami.JPG|The [[Dzhumaya Mosque]]
File:Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg|The Orthodox [[seminary]]
</gallery>