Editing Physical security (section)

====Electronic access control systems====
Electronic access control systems provide secure access to buildings or facilities by controlling who can enter and exit. Some aspects of these systems can include:

* Access credentials - Access cards, fobs, or badges are used to identify and authenticate authorized users. Information encoded on the credentials is read by card readers at entry points.
* Access control panels - These control the system, make access decisions, and are usually located in a secure area. Access control software runs on the panels and interfaces with [[card reader]].
* Readers - Installed at access points, these read credentials or other data, and send information to the access control panel. Readers can be proximity, magnetic stripe, smart card, [[biometrics]], etc.
* Door locking hardware - Electrified locks, electric strikes, or [[electromagnetic lock|maglocks]] physically secure doors and release when valid credentials are presented. Integration allows doors to unlock when authorized.
* Request to exit devices - These allow free egress through an access point without triggering an alarm. Buttons, motion detectors, and other sensors are commonly used.
* Alarms - Unauthorized access attempts or held/forced doors can trigger audible alarms and alerts. Integration with camera systems also occurs.
* Access levels - Software can limit access to specific users, groups, and times. For example, some employees may have 24/7 access to all areas while others are restricted.
* Event logging - Systems record activity like access attempts, alarms, user tracking, etc. for security auditing and troubleshooting purposes.

Electronic access control uses credential readers, advanced software, and electrified locks to provide programmable, secure access management for facilities. Integration of cameras, alarms and other systems is also common.

An additional sub-layer of mechanical/electronic access control protection is reached by integrating a [[key management]] system to manage the possession and usage of mechanical keys to locks or property within a building or campus.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}}