Editing Pandemic (section)

==== HIV/AIDS ====
{{Main|HIV/AIDS|Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS}}
[[File:HIV_prevalence_2022.png|thumb|A world map illustrating the proportion of population infected with HIV in 2019]]
[[HIV/AIDS]] was first identified as a disease in 1981, and is an ongoing worldwide [[public health]] issue.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2 August 2023 |title=HIV/AIDS Factsheet |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=World Health Organization |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Why the HIV epidemic is not over |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/why-the-hiv-epidemic-is-not-over |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Since then, HIV/AIDS has killed an estimated 40 million people with a further 630,000 deaths annually; 39 million people are currently living with [[HIV]] infection.{{Efn|Statistics as at the end of 2022}}<ref name=":2" /> HIV has a [[zoonotic]] origin, having originated in nonhuman [[primate]]s in [[Central Africa]] and transferred to humans in the early 20th century.<ref name="Orgin2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharp PM, Hahn BH |date=September 2011 |title=Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic |journal=Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=a006841 |doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a006841 |pmc=3234451 |pmid=22229120}}</ref> The most frequent mode of transmission of HIV is through sexual contact with an infected person. There may be a short period of mild, nonspecific symptoms followed by an asymptomatic (but nevertheless infectious) stage called [[clinical latency]] – without treatment, this stage can last between 3 and 20 years. The only way to detect infection is by means of a HIV test.<ref name="AIDS2010GOV">{{cite web |date=2017-05-15 |title=What Are HIV and AIDS? |url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/about-hiv-and-aids/what-are-hiv-and-aids/ |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=HIV.gov |publisher=U.S. Department of Health & Human Services |language=en}}</ref> There is no vaccine to prevent HIV infection, but the disease can be held in check by means of [[Management of HIV/AIDS|antiretroviral therapy]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2021 |title=HIV Treatment: The Basics {{!}} NIH |url=https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-treatment-basics |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=hivinfo.nih.gov (a service of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) |language=en}}</ref>