Editing Osteopathy (section)

=== Canada ===
In Canada, the titles "osteopath" and "osteopathic physician" are protected in some provinces by the medical regulatory college for physicians and surgeons.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_91m30_e.htm |title=Ontario Medicine Act – Restricted Titles, Section 9 |publisher=Province of Ontario, Canada |access-date=13 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/19_416_2008 |title=''British Columbia Medical Practitioners Act,'' Section 40 Registration of Osteopaths |date=1 June 2009 |access-date=13 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canlii.org/ab/laws/sta/m-11/20060310/whole.html |title=''Alberta Medical Profession Act,'' Sections 3 and 18 |access-date=13 November 2011}}</ref> As of 2011, there were approximately 20 U.S.-trained osteopathic physicians, all of which held a [[Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine]] degree, practicing in all of Canada.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://thedo.osteopathic.org/?p=80661 |title=MSUCOM pilot program targets Canadian students for training |magazine=The DO |access-date=3 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424064948/http://thedo.osteopathic.org/?p=80661 |archive-date=24 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> As of 2014, no training programs have been established for osteopathic physicians in Canada.<ref name="Who Provides Osteopathy">{{cite web |url=http://osteopathyontario.org/about-osteopathy/who-provides-osteopathy/ |title=Who Provides Osteopathy? |publisher=Ontario Association of Osteopathic Manual Practitioners |access-date=28 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424130524/http://osteopathyontario.org/about-osteopathy/who-provides-osteopathy/ |archive-date=24 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The non-physician manual practice of osteopathy is practiced in most Canadian provinces.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.osteopathy.ca/provinces.html |title=Who is an Osteopath in Canada? |publisher=Canadian Federation of Osteopaths |access-date=3 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425000229/http://www.osteopathy.ca/provinces.html |archive-date=25 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> As of 2014, manual osteopathic practice is not a government-regulated health profession in any province,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://osteopathyontario.org/our-association/regulation/ |title=Regulation |publisher=Ontario Association of Osteopathic Manual Practitioners |access-date=28 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424160356/http://osteopathyontario.org/our-association/regulation/ |archive-date=24 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and those interested in pursuing osteopathic studies must register in private osteopathy schools.<ref name="Allard_2011" /> It is estimated that there are over 1,300 osteopathic manual practitioners in Canada, most of whom practice in Quebec and Ontario.<ref name="Who Provides Osteopathy"/> Some sources indicate that there are between 1,000 and 1,200 osteopaths practicing in the province of Quebec, and although this number might seem quite elevated, many osteopathy clinics are adding patients on waiting lists due to a shortage of osteopaths in the province.<ref name="Allard_2011" />

==== Quebec ====
Beginning in 2009, [[Université Laval]] in [[Quebec City]] was working with the ''[[Collège d'études ostéopathiques]]'' in [[Montreal]] on a project to implement a professional osteopathy program consisting of a [[bachelor's degree]] followed by a professional [[master's degree]] in osteopathy as manual therapy.<ref name="Allard_2011" /> However, due to the many doubts concerning the scientific credibility of osteopathy from the university's [[Université Laval Faculté de médecine|faculty of medicine]], the program developers decided to abandon the project in 2011, after {{fract|2|1|2}} years of discussion, planning, and preparation for the program implementation.<ref name="Allard_2011">{{cite news |last1=Allard |first1=Marc |title=L'Université Laval ferme la porte à l'ostéopathie |trans-title=Université Laval closes the door to osteopathy |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/education/201110/02/01-4453561-luniversite-laval-ferme-la-porte-a-losteopathie.php |access-date=12 May 2015 |work=[[Le Soleil]] |date=3 October 2011 |language=fr}}</ref> There was some controversy with the final decision of the university's committee regarding the continuous undergraduate and professional graduate program in osteopathy because the Commission of studies, which is in charge of evaluating new training programs offered by the university, had judged that the program had its place at Université Laval before receiving the unfavourable support decision from the faculty of medicine.<ref name="Allard_2011" /> Had the program been implemented, Université Laval would have been the first university institution in Quebec to offer a professional program in osteopathy as a manual therapy.<ref name="Allard_2011" />