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=== Black hole accretion disks === Similar to stellar fusion, extreme conditions within [[black hole]] [[accretion disks]] can allow fusion reactions. Calculations show the most energetic reactions occur around lower [[Stellar black hole|stellar mass black holes]], below 10 solar masses, compared to those above 100. Beyond five [[Schwarzschild radius|Schwarzschild radii]], [[Carbon-burning process|carbon-burning]] and fusion of helium-3 dominates the reactions. Within this distance, around lower mass black holes, fusion of nitrogen, [[Oxygen-burning process|oxygen]], [[Neon-burning process|neon]], and magnesium can occur. In the extreme limit, the [[silicon-burning process]] can begin with the fusion of silicon and selenium nuclei.<ref name="b407">{{cite journal |last1=Tang |first1=Zifan |last2=Luo |first2=Yang |last3=Wang |first3=Jian-Min |date=2024-11-26 |title=Nuclear burning in an accretion flow around a stellar-mass black hole embedded within an AGN disc |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=535 |issue=4 |pages=3050β3058 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stae2557 |issn=0035-8711 |doi-access=free|arxiv=2411.07531 }}</ref>
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