Editing North-West Rebellion (section)

==Memory==
In the spring of 2008, Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport Minister Christine Tell proclaimed in Duck Lake, that "the 125th commemoration, in 2010, of the 1885 Northwest Rebellion is an excellent opportunity to tell the story of the prairie Métis and First Nations peoples' struggle with Government forces and how it has shaped Canada today."<ref>{{cite web|title       = Tourism agencies to celebrate the 125th anniversary of the Northwest Resistance/Rebellion|work= Home/About Government/News Releases/June 2008|publisher= Government of Saskatchewan|date        = June 7, 2008 |url         = http://www.gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=3ceddf25-86ef-4433-86ea-cfe3cc69472d|access-date  = 2009-09-20|url-status     = dead|archive-url  =https://web.archive.org/web/20091021102620/http://www.gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=3ceddf25-86ef-4433-86ea-cfe3cc69472d|archive-date = October 21, 2009}}</ref>
{{quote box
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| quote=BATOCHE. In 1872, Xavier Letendre dit Batoche founded a village at this site where Métis freighters crossed the South Saskatchewan River. About 50 families had claimed the river lots in the area by 1884. Widespread anxiety regarding land claims and a changing economy provoked a resistance against the Canadian Government. Here, 300 Métis and Indians led by Louis Riel and Gabriel Dumont fought a force of 800 men commanded by Major-General Middleton between May 9 and 12, 1885. The resistance failed but the battle did not mean the end of the community of Batoche.
|source= Historic Sites and Monuments board of Canada.<ref>{{cite web| last =Historic Sites and Monuments board of Canada. Government of Canada| title =Welcome To Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Region Gen Web Batoche / Fish Creek Photo Gallery| work =Saskatoon Gen Web| publisher =online by Julia Adamson| date =21 Nov 2004| url =http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~sksaskat/batoche/batoche-letendre.html| access-date =2009-09-20| archive-date =2012-10-25| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20121025160645/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~sksaskat/batoche/batoche-letendre.html| url-status =live}}</ref>}}
Batoche, where the Métis Provisional Government had been formed, has been declared a National Historic Site. Batoche marks the site of Gabriel Dumont's grave site, Albert Caron's House, Batoche school, Batoche cemetery, Letendre store, Dumont's river crossing, Gariépy's crossing, Batoche crossing, [[Anthony of Padua|St. Antoine de Padoue]] Church, Métis rifle pits, and RNWMP battle camp.<ref>{{cite web| title =Batoche The Virtual Museum of Métis History and Culture| publisher =Gabriel Dumont Institute of Native Studies and Applied Research| url =http://www.metismuseum.ca/browse/index.php/484| access-date =2009-09-20| archive-date =2011-07-06| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110706185704/http://www.metismuseum.ca/browse/index.php/484| url-status =live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Parks Canada Batoche National Historic Site of Canada| publisher = Government of Canada| date = 2009-06-22| url = http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/batoche/index.aspx| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2010-08-08| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100808061345/http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/batoche/index.aspx| url-status = live}}</ref>

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police training depot at Regina was established in 1874, and still survives. The RCMP chapel, a frame building built in 1885, is still standing. It was used to jail prisoners taken when the rebellion collapsed.

One of three Territorial Government Buildings still stands on Dewdney Avenue in the city of [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]. It was the site of the Trial of Louis Riel, where the drama the ''Trial of Louis Riel'' is still performed. Following the May trial, Louis Riel was hanged November 16, 1885  at the North-West Mounted Police barracks in Regina. The RCMP Heritage Centre, in Regina, opened in May 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Regina History Guide Tour |url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~canrbsgs/pages/tour.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206221159/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~canrbsgs/pages/tour.html |archive-date=2010-02-06 |access-date=2009-09-20 |publisher=Saskatchewan Genealogical Society – Regina Branch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=May 16, 1955 |title=RCMP traditions centre in Regina |url=http://library2.usask.ca/sni/stories/beg24c.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005165321/http://library2.usask.ca/sni/stories/beg24c.html |archive-date=2008-10-05 |access-date=2009-09-20 |work=Top News Stories Beginnings and Landmarks |publisher=Leader-Post |page=13 |format=republished online Saskatchewan News Index 1884–2000 University of Saskatchewan Libraries.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=History of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police |url=http://www.mountieshop.com/new/history.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090526144045/http://www.mountieshop.com/new/history.asp |archive-date=2009-05-26 |access-date=2009-09-20 |publisher=Mounted Police Post}}</ref> The Métis brought his body to [[St. Vital, Manitoba|Saint-Vital]], his mother's home, now the Riel House National Historic Site, and then interred it at the [[Saint-Boniface Cathedral|Saint-Boniface Basilica]] in Manitoba, his birthplace, for burial.<ref>{{cite web |title=Explore Our Heritage; Louis Riel 1844–1885 |url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/chc/hrb/plaques/plaq0990.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911222302/http://www.gov.mb.ca/chc/hrb/plaques/plaq0990.html |archive-date=2011-09-11 |access-date=2009-09-20 |work=CHTS Home Manitoba Heritage Council Commemorative Plaques |publisher=Government of Manitoba}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=1998–2009 |title=Manitoba History Red River Resistance |url=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/29/redriverresistance.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813063242/http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/29/redriverresistance.shtml |archive-date=2009-08-13 |access-date=2009-09-20 |work=Number 29, Spring 1995 |publisher=Manitoba Historical Society.}}</ref> [[Saskatchewan Highway 11|Highway 11]], stretching from Regina to just south of Prince Albert, has been named ''Louis Riel Trail'' by the province; the roadway passes near locations of the conflict.<ref>{{cite web |title=Scenic Routes – The Louis Riel Trail |url=http://www.sasktourism.com/default.asp?Page=175&menu=52 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050824200020/http://www.sasktourism.com/default.asp?Page=175&menu=52 |archive-date=2005-08-24 |access-date=2007-09-24 |work=Tourism Saskatchewan |publisher=Government of Saskatchewan}}</ref>

Fort Carlton Provincial Historic Site has been rebuilt as it had been ravaged by three separate fires. Big Bear (Mistahimaskwa) used the site in his initial negotiations for [[Treaty Six]] in about 1884, and finally, the following year he surrendered here after his engagement at [[Steele Narrows]] ([[Battle of Loon Lake]]).<ref>{{cite web|title= Fort Carlton Provincial Park – Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport  |publisher    = Government of Saskatchewan|url= http://www.tpcs.gov.sk.ca/FortCarlton|access-date= 2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724025906/http://www.tpcs.gov.sk.ca/FortCarlton|archive-date= 2009-07-24|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Virtual Saskatchewan – Fur Trading at Fort Carlton| date = 1997–2007| url = http://www.virtualsk.com/current_issue/trading_in_fur.html| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2009-06-23| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090623061100/http://www.virtualsk.com/current_issue/trading_in_fur.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

The Prince Albert blockhouse was employed by the North-West Mounted Police on evacuating from Fort Carlton after the first fire.<ref name="AmericanForts">{{cite web| last = Payette| first = Pete| author2 = Phil Payette| title = Saskatchewan Forts: Northwest Rebellion| work = 2006 American Forts Network| year = 2006| url = http://www.northamericanforts.com/Canada/sk.html| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2010-04-28| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100428225240/http://www.northamericanforts.com/Canada/sk.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

Duck Lake is home to the Duck Lake Historical Museum and the Duck Lake Regional Interpretive Centre, and murals that present the history of the conflict in the area. The Battle of Duck Lake, the Duck Lake Massacre, and a buffalo jump are all located here. The "First Shots Cairn" was erected on [[Saskatchewan Highway 212]] as a landmark commemorating the scene of the first shots in the Battle of Duck Lake. Our Lady of Lourdes Shrine at St. Laurent north of Duck Lake is a local pilgrimage site.<ref>{{cite web|title= History of Duck Lake and Area|publisher= Duck Lake Regional Interpretive Centre|url= http://www.dlric.org/history.html|access-date= 2009-09-20|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080820193842/http://www.dlric.org/history.html|archive-date= 2008-08-20|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Attractions and Tourism – Town of Duck Lake, Saskatchewan|work= M.R. Internet|publisher= Town of Duck Lake|year= 2007|url= http://ducklake.ca/visiting/attractions.php|access-date= 2009-09-20|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091213051255/http://ducklake.ca/visiting/attractions.php|archive-date= 2009-12-13|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref name="encyc_sask_DuckLake_2006">{{cite web| last = McLennan| first = David| title = Duck Lake – The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan| publisher = Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina| year = 2006| url = http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/duck_lake.html| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121106123527/http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/duck_lake.html| archive-date = 2012-11-06| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Battleford, Batoche & Beyond tour along the Yellowhead Highway| work = Yellowhead IT! Travel Magazine| publisher = Yellowhead Highway Association| url = http://www.yellowheadit.com/saskatchewan/tours/battleford_batoche_and_beyond.php| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2008-06-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080607170105/http://www.yellowheadit.com/saskatchewan/tours/battleford_batoche_and_beyond.php| url-status = live}}</ref>

The Battle of Fish Creek National Historic Site, the name has been changed to Tourond's Coulee / Fish Creek National Historic Site to preserve the battlefield of April 24, 1885, at ''la coulée des Tourond'', Madame Tourond's home, early Red River cart Fish Creek Trail and the site of Middleton's camp and graveyard.<ref>{{cite web| title = Parks Canada| work = Battle of Tourond's Coulee / Fish Creek National Historic Site of Canada| url = http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/tourond/index.aspx| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2011-06-06| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110606072720/http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/tourond/index.aspx| url-status = live}}[http://www.pc.gc.ca/~/media/lhn%20nhs/sk/batoche/btc-fc_e.ashx html]{{dead link|date=January 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
[[File:Frog Lake National Historic Site.JPG|thumb|left|A cairn commemoriating the [[Frog Lake massacre]] is in the cemetery with the graves of those killed.]]
The [[Marr Residence]] is a municipal heritage property of [[Saskatoon]] which served as a field hospital for wounded soldiers during the conflict.<ref>{{cite web|title= Municipal Heritage Properties – Marr Residence|publisher= City of Saskatoon – Development Services Branch|year= 2007|url= http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/development/services/heritage_properties/marr_residence.asp|access-date= 2009-03-20|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080525162917/http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/development/services/heritage_properties/marr_residence.asp|archive-date= 2008-05-25 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Men of the city| first = Committee of the Historical Association of Saskatoon| title = Saskatoon Gen Web Project – Narratives of Saskatoon 1882–1912| publisher = University of Saskatchewan Book store| date = 30 January 2005| url = http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/outstandingevents.html| format = Published online Julia Adamson| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2009-05-05| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090505080616/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/outstandingevents.html| url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = The Marr Residence| url = http://themarr.ca/| access-date = 2014-04-10| archive-date = 2014-04-13| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413144715/http://themarr.ca/| url-status = live}}</ref>

Fort Otter was constructed at Battleford's government house at the capital of the North-West Territories. Poundmaker was arrested at Fort Battleford and sentenced to a prison term. Eight First Nations men were hanged, five for murders in the Frog Lake Massacre, two for murders in the Battleford area, and one for the killing of [[North-West Mounted Police during the North-West Rebellion|a Mountie]] at Fort Pitt on April 15.<ref name="Beal_Macleod_1984" />{{rp|332}}  Fort Battleford has been declared a national historic site of Canada to commemorate its role as military base of operations for Cut Knife Hill and Fort Pitt, as a refuge for 500 settlers, and as battlefield itself (the Siege of Battleford).<ref name="AmericanForts" /><ref>{{cite web| title = Saskatchewan settlement experience| work = 1880–1890 – North-west Rebellion The 'siege of Battleford' as reported in the Saskatchewan Herald.| publisher = Saskatchewan Archives Board Site by OH! Media – Regina Web Design| year = 2005| url = http://www.sasksettlement.com/display.php?cat=1880-1890&subcat=North-West%20Rebellion&id=1136| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110716010253/http://www.sasksettlement.com/display.php?cat=1880-1890&subcat=North-West%20Rebellion&id=1136| archive-date = 2011-07-16| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Parks Canada – Fort Battleford National Historic Site – History| publisher = Government of Canada| date = 2009-06-22| url = http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/battleford/natcul/histo.aspx| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2013-02-08| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130208224150/http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/sk/battleford/natcul/histo.aspx| url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Yanko| first = Dave| title = Virtual Saskatchewan – Fort Battleford National Historic Site| date = 1997–2007| url = http://www.virtualsk.com/current_issue/fort_battleford.html| access-date = 2009-09-20| archive-date = 2009-07-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090707025212/http://www.virtualsk.com/current_issue/fort_battleford.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

[[Fort Pitt (Saskatchewan)|Fort Pitt]], the scene of the Battle of Fort Pitt, is a provincial park and national historic site where a National Historic Sites and Monuments plaque designates where Treaty Six was signed.<ref>{{cite web|title= Fort Pitt Provincial Park – Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport|publisher=Government of Saskatchewan|url=http://www.tpcs.gov.sk.ca/FortPitt|access-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415154425/http://www.tpcs.gov.sk.ca/FortPitt|archive-date=2009-04-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Pitt Provincial Park|url=http://www.saskparks.net/|access-date=2014-04-10|archive-date=2014-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140417060839/http://www.saskparks.net/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Beal|first=Bob|title=Fort Pitt|work=Historica-Dominion|publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica foundation |date=1 September 2007 |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fort-pitt/ |access-date=2009-09-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607215636/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0002956|archive-date=June 7, 2011}}</ref>

Frog Lake Massacre National Historic Site of Canada, at Frog Lake, Alberta, is the location of a Cree uprising that occurred in the District of Saskatchewan, North-West Territories.<ref>{{cite web|title= Parks Canada – National Historic Sites in Alberta – National Historic Sites in Alberta|publisher= Government of Canada|url= http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/docs/r/ab/sites/lhn-nhs1.aspx|access-date= 2009-09-20|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110605122715/http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/docs/r/ab/sites/lhn-nhs1.aspx|archive-date = 2011-06-05}}</ref>

Frenchman Butte, a national historic site of Canada, is the location of the 1885 battle between Cree and Canadian troops of Strange's Alberta Field Force.<ref>{{cite web|title= Parks Canada – National Historic Sites of Canada – administered by Parks Canada|publisher= Government of Canada|date= 2009-01-20|url= http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/lhn-nhs/recherche-search_e.asp?s=1|access-date= 2009-09-20|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110605063141/http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/lhn-nhs/recherche-search_e.asp?s=1|archive-date= 2011-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Chaput|first=John|title=Frog Lake Massacre|publisher=Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina|year=2006|url=http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/frog_lake_massacre.html|access-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904160429/http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/frog_lake_massacre.html|archive-date=2009-09-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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|quote="Cut Knife Battlefield. Named after Chief Cut Knife of the Sarcee in an historic battle with the Cree. On 2nd May 1885, Lt. Col. W. D. Otter led 325 troops composed of North-West Mounted Police, "B" Battery, "C" Company, Foot Guards, Queen's Own and Battleford Rifles, against Cree and Assiniboine under Poundmaker and Fine Day. After an engagement of six hours, the troops retreated to Battleford."
| source=National Historic Sites and Monuments Board<ref>{{cite web|title=Our Legacy|publisher=University of Saskatchewan Archives, University of Saskatchewan Library, and Pahkisimon Nuye?ah Library System|year=2008|url=http://scaa.sk.ca/ourlegacy/solr?query=Place%3A%22Canada!!Saskatchewan!!Cut%20Knife%20Hill%22&mode=results|access-date=2009-09-20|archive-date=2011-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706211352/http://scaa.sk.ca/ourlegacy/solr?query=Place:%22Canada!!Saskatchewan!!Cut%20Knife%20Hill%22&mode=results|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
At [[Cutknife, Saskatchewan|Cutknife]] is the world's largest tomahawk, the Poundmaker Historical Centre and Big Bear monument/cairn erected by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada. There is also now, correctly located, a cairn erected upon Cut Knife Hill, which is the viewing site of the Poundmaker Battle site and [[Battle River]] valley.<ref>{{cite web
 |last         = Brown.
 |first        = Brian M
 |title        = Poundmaker Historical Centre and Big Bear monument
 |date         = July 4, 2002
 |url          = http://www.westerntour.com/1885Reb/R-CKstry.htm
 |access-date  = 2009-09-20
 |archive-date = 2008-07-08
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080708190104/http://www.westerntour.com/1885Reb/R-CKstry.htm
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | last = McLennan
 | first = David
 | title = Cut Knife
 | publisher = Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina
 | year = 2006
 | url = http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/cut_knife.html
 | access-date = 2009-09-20
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120911165758/http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/cut_knife.html
 | archive-date = 2012-09-11
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |last        = Yanciw
 |first       = David
 |title       = Town of Cut Knife, Saskatchewan
 |work        = Big Things of Saskatchewan
 |date        = August 10, 2001
 |url         = http://www.bigthings.ca/sask/cutknife.html
 |access-date  = 2009-09-20
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091006080105/http://www.bigthings.ca/sask/cutknife.html
 |archive-date = October 6, 2009
}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Davidson |first=Keith |title=Everyone Chuckled – A Rebellion Story Taking From Keith Davidson's "Looking Back Series" |work=Saskatchewan Indian First Nations Periodical Index Search Winter 2002 v. 31 n01 p. 15  |url=http://www.sicc.sk.ca/saskindian/a02win15.htm |access-date=2009-09-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210201056/http://www.sicc.sk.ca/saskindian/a02win15.htm |archive-date=December 10, 2008 }}
</ref>

The Narrows between Makwa Lake and Sanderson Bay, in the Makwa Lake Provincial Park, was the site of the last engagement of the conflict, the [[Battle of Loon Lake]]. Steele Narrows Provincial Historic Park conserves the lookout point of a Cree burial ground.<ref>{{cite web
 | title =Steele Narrows Provincial Park
 | url =http://www.saskparks.net/
 | access-date =2014-04-10
 | archive-date =2014-04-17
 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140417060839/http://www.saskparks.net/
 | url-status =live
 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | title = Makwa
 | work = Sasl Biz community profiles
 | publisher = Enterprise Saskatchewan Government of Saskatchewan
 | url = http://www.saskbiz.ca/communityprofiles/CommunityProfile.Asp?CommunityID=598
 | access-date = 2009-09-20
 | archive-date = 2008-04-23
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080423232119/http://www.saskbiz.ca/communityprofiles/CommunityProfile.Asp?CommunityID=598
 | url-status = live
 }}</ref>

Fort Ethier, a two-story log blockhouse built by Strange's Alberta Field Force in its march north to Edmonton, still stands near Wetaskiwin.[https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=5180]
[[File:North-West Rebellion Monument.jpg|thumb|upright|The North-West Rebellion Memorial at [[Queen's Park (Toronto)|Queen's Park]], [[Toronto]]. The monument commemorates militiamen that served in the conflict.]]
The members of the [[Canadian Army|Canadian Militia]] are commemorated through a number of memorials in Canada, including the North-West Rebellion Monument in [[Queen's Park (Toronto)|Queen's Park]], in [[Toronto]], Ontario, and The Volunteer Monument in [[Winnipeg]], Manitoba. A statue for Wm. B. Osgoode and John Rogers, who fell in action at Cutknife Hill, also stands at the [[Cartier Square Drill Hall]], in [[Ottawa]], Ontario.