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== Negro major leagues == While organized leagues were common in black baseball, there were only seven leagues that are considered to be of the top quality of play at the time of their existence. In 2020, [[Major League Baseball]] announced their official determination and designation of Negro Leagues by seasons as "Major Leagues", including the incorporation of applicable player records into the official baseball statistics.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-officially-designates-the-negro-leagues-as-major-league | title=MLB officially designates the Negro Leagues as 'Major League' | website=[[MLB.com]] }}</ref> None materialized prior to 1920 and by 1950, due to integration, they were in decline. Even though teams were league members, most still continued to barnstorm and play non-league games against local or semi-pro teams. Those games, sometimes approaching 100 per season, did not count in the official standings or statistics. However, some teams were considered "associate" teams and games played against them did count, but an associate team held no place in the league standings. * [[Negro National League (1920–1931)|Negro National League (I)]], 1920–1931. * [[Eastern Colored League]], 1923–1928. * [[American Negro League]], 1929; was created from some of the ECL teams but lasted just one season. * [[East–West League]], 1932; ceased operations midway through the season. * [[Negro Southern League (1920–1936)|Negro Southern League]], 1932; incorporated some teams from the NNL(I) and functioned for one year as a major league, was otherwise a minor league that played from 1920 into the 1940s. * [[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League (II)]], 1933–1948. * [[Negro American League]], 1937–1960 or so; after 1950, the league and its teams operated after a fashion, mostly as barnstorming units, but historians have a hard time deciding when the league actually came to an end. ===Colored and Negro World Series=== {{main|Negro World Series}}{{See also|List of Negro league baseball champions}}{{See also|List of Negro league baseball postseason games}} The NNL(I) and ECL champions met in a World Series, usually referred to as the "Colored World Series", from 1924 to 1927 ([[1924 Colored World Series|1924]], [[1925 Colored World Series|1925]], [[1926 Colored World Series|1926]], [[1927 Colored World Series|1927]]). The NNL(II) and NAL also met in a World Series, usually referred to as the "Negro World Series" from 1942 to 1948 ([[1942 Negro World Series|1942]], [[1943 Negro World Series|1943]], [[1944 Negro World Series|1944]], [[1945 Negro World Series|1945]], [[1946 Negro World Series|1946]], [[1947 Negro World Series|1947]], [[1948 Negro World Series|1948]]). Five of those years with a World Series at the end also saw a "Championship Series" played to determine the pennant winner that went to the Series. In years without a World Series, leagues would either award a championship to the team that had the best record/percentage at the end of the year or had a "Championship Series" to determine the winner between first half and second half champions. Eleven seasons exist with a postseason series held to determine a pennant winner, although one (1936) was not completed. ===Negro minor leagues=== {{See also|List of minor Negro league baseball teams}} Early professional leagues cannot be called major or minor. Until the twentieth century, not one completed even half of its planned season. Two leagues can be considered the prototypes for Negro league baseball: *[[Southern League of Colored Base Ballists]], 1886 *[[National Colored Baseball League]], 1887 Eventually, some teams were able to survive and even profit by [[Barnstorm (sports)|barnstorming]] small towns and playing local semi-pro teams as well as league games. Two important leagues of this era are: *[[International League of Independent Professional Base Ball Clubs]], 1906. *[[National Association of Colored Baseball Clubs of the United States and Cuba]], 1907–1909. Early Negro leagues were unable to attract and retain top talent due to financial, logistical and contractual difficulties. Some early dominant teams did not join a league since they could pull in larger profits independently. The early leagues were specifically structured as minor leagues. With the [[Baseball color line|integration of Organized Baseball]], beginning 1946, all leagues simply lost elite players to white leagues, and historians do not consider any Negro league "major" after 1950. A number of leagues from the [[Major League Baseball|major-league]] era (post-1900) are recognized as Negro minor leagues. A rule of thumb was leagues in the [[Northern United States|north]] were major while leagues in the [[Southern United States|south]] were minor, due mainly to population and economic disparities. Below are some of the better-documented leagues: * [[Texas Colored League|Texas Colored League/Texas–Oklahoma–Louisiana League/Texas–Louisiana Negro League]], 1919–1931 * [[Negro Southern League (1920–36)|Negro Southern League (I)]], 1920–1936 – considered a ''de facto'' major league in 1932 because it was the only league to play a full season schedule due to the [[Great Depression]] * [[Negro Southeastern League]], 1921 * [[Interstate League]], 1926 and 1940 (mixed-race league) * [[Tri State League]], 1935 * [[Negro American Association]], 1939 and 1948–1949 * [[Negro Major League]], 1942 By default, leagues established after integration are considered minor league, as is the one of two 1940s majors that continued after 1950. Also at this time, leagues began to appear in the [[Western United States|west]], just as in other sports, due to the [[Post–World War II economic expansion|post-War boom]] and improved transportation modes. Below are some of the better-documented leagues: * [[Negro Southern League (1945–51)|Negro Southern League (II)]], 1945–1951 * [[United States League]], 1945–1946 * [[West Coast Negro Baseball Association]], 1946 * [[East Texas Negro League]], 1946 * [[Negro Texas League]], 1949 * [[Negro American League]], 1951–1960 – considered a major league from 1937 until integration diminished the quality of play around 1950/51 * [[Arkansas–Louisiana–Texas League]], 1951 * [[Eastern Negro League]], 1954 * [[Negro National Baseball Association]], 1954
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