Editing NATO (section)

===Turkish border===
{{Main|Operation Active Fence}}
[[File:U-s-service-members-stand-by-a-patriot-missile-battery-in-gaziantep-turkey.jpg|thumb|U.S. and NATO Patriot missile batteries in Turkey]]

Use of [[North Atlantic Treaty#Article 5|Article 5]] has been threatened multiple times and four out of seven official [[North Atlantic Treaty (Article 4)|Article 4]] consultations have been called due to [[Spillover of the Syrian civil war#Turkey|spillover]] in Turkey from the [[Syrian civil war]]. In April 2012, Turkish Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] considered invoking Article 5 of the NATO treaty to protect Turkish national security in a dispute over the Syrian civil war.<ref>[http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_pm-turkey-may-invoke-natos-article-5-over-syrian-border-fire_277185.html todayszaman.com: "PM: Turkey may invoke NATO's Article 5 over Syrian border fire"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626182142/http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_pm-turkey-may-invoke-natos-article-5-over-syrian-border-fire_277185.html |date=26 June 2015 }}, 11 April 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_observers-say-natos-fifth-charter-comes-into-play-if-clashes-with-syria-get-worse_277187.html todayszaman.com: "Observers say NATO's fifth charter comes into play if clashes with Syria get worse"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626180355/http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_observers-say-natos-fifth-charter-comes-into-play-if-clashes-with-syria-get-worse_277187.html |date=26 June 2015 }}, 11 April 2012</ref> The alliance responded quickly, and a spokesperson said the alliance was "monitoring the situation very closely and will continue to do so" and "takes it very seriously protecting its members."<ref>[http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_nato-says-monitoring-tension-in-turkey-syria-border_277247.html todayszaman.com: "NATO says monitoring tension in Turkey-Syria border"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626231647/http://www.todayszaman.com/diplomacy_nato-says-monitoring-tension-in-turkey-syria-border_277247.html |date=26 June 2015 }}, 12 April 2012</ref>

After [[2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown|the shooting down of a Turkish military jet by Syria]] in June 2012 and [[Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war#The 2 October 2012 incident and afterward|Syrian forces shelling Turkish cities]] in October 2012<ref name=art4>{{cite web|url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm|title=The consultation process and Article 4|website=NATO |date=24 February 2022|access-date=25 February 2022|archive-date=2 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402192427/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49187.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> resulting in two Article 4 consultations, NATO approved [[Operation Active Fence]]. In the past decade the conflict has only escalated. In response to the [[2015 Suruç bombing]], which Turkey attributed to [[ISIS]], and other security issues along its southern border,<ref name=dt26>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/11764178/Turkey-calls-for-Nato-meeting-to-discuss-Isil-and-PKK.html telegraph.co.uk: "Turkey calls for emergency Nato meeting to discuss Isil and PKK"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016195051/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/turkey/11764178/Turkey-calls-for-Nato-meeting-to-discuss-Isil-and-PKK.html |date=16 October 2022 }}, 26 July 2015</ref><ref name="cnn july 2015 article 4">{{cite news | url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/26/middleeast/turkey-nato-talks/ | title=Turkey calls for rare NATO talks after attacks along Syrian border | publisher=CNN | date=27 July 2015 | access-date=27 July 2015 | author=Ford, Dana | archive-date=16 October 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016195052/http://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/26/middleeast/turkey-nato-talks/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=nyt27>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2015 |title=Turkey and U.S. Plan to Create Syria 'Safe Zone' Free of ISIS |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/28/world/middleeast/turkey-and-us-agree-on-plan-to-clear-isis-from-strip-of-northern-syria.html |first1=Anne |last1=Barnard |first2=Michael R. |last2=Gordon |first3=Eric |last3=Schmitt |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016195051/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/28/world/middleeast/turkey-and-us-agree-on-plan-to-clear-isis-from-strip-of-northern-syria.html?_r=0 |archive-date=16 October 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_121926.htm?selectedLocale=en |website=NATO |title=Statement by the North Atlantic Council following meeting under Article 4 of the Washington Treaty|date=28 July 2015|access-date=27 February 2022|archive-date=27 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227190355/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_121926.htm?selectedLocale=en|url-status=live}}</ref> Turkey called for [[2015 NATO emergency meeting|an emergency meeting]]. The latest consultation happened in February 2020, as part of increasing tensions due to the [[Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–present)|Northwestern Syria offensive]], which involved<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/diplomacy/russia-denies-involvement-in-airstrikes-on-turkish-troops-in-idlib|title=Russia denies involvement in airstrikes on Turkish troops in Idlib|website=[[Daily Sabah]]|date=28 February 2020|access-date=1 March 2022|archive-date=28 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228080529/https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/diplomacy/russia-denies-involvement-in-airstrikes-on-turkish-troops-in-idlib|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2020 Balyun airstrikes|Syrian and suspected Russian airstrikes on Turkish troops]], and risked direct confrontation between Russia and a NATO member.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tert.am/en/news/2020/02/29/idlib/3223514|title=Greece 'vetoes NATO statement' on support for Turkey amid Syria escalation|date=29 February 2020|access-date=1 March 2022|quote=The Russian military later explained that the Syrian army targeted Hayat Tahrir al-Sham terrorists operating in the province, adding that Syrian government forces were not informed about the Turkish presence in the area.|archive-date=3 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303074219/https://www.tert.am/en/news/2020/02/29/idlib/3223514|url-status=dead}}</ref>