Editing LGBTQ movements (section)

==== 21st century ====

===== Same-sex marriage =====
[[File:Discussions at the same sex marriage vote in the Minnesota Senate (8737747090).jpg|thumb|left|Demonstrations at the [[Minnesota State Capitol]] during debate on a same sex marriage bill]]{{World homosexuality laws map|align=right|size=350px}}
[[File:Laws concerning gender identity-expression by country or territory.svg|thumb|right|350px|'''Laws concerning gender identity-expression by country or territory''', {{Circa|2015}}
{{legend|#800080|Legal identity change, surgery not required}}
{{legend|#ff00ff|Legal identity change, surgery required}}
{{legend|#FF0000|No legal identity change}}
{{legend|#CCCCCC|Unknown/Ambiguous}}]]
{{as of|2025}}, same-sex marriages are recognized in [[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]], [[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]], [[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]], [[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]], [[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]], [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]], [[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]], [[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]], [[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]], [[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]], [[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]], [[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]], [[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]], [[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]], [[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]], [[Same-sex marriage in France|France]], [[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]], [[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]], [[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]], [[Same-sex marriage in Ireland|Ireland]], [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]], [[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]], [[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]], [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]], [[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|the Netherlands]], [[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]], [[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]], [[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]], [[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]], [[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]], [[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]], [[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]], [[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]], [[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]], [[Same-sex marriage in Thailand|Thailand]], [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|the United Kingdom]], [[Same-sex marriage in the United States|the United States]], and [[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Marriage Equality Around the World |url=https://www.hrc.org/resources/marriage-equality-around-the-world |website=Human Rights Campaign |access-date=23 August 2023}}</ref>

The Netherlands was the first country to allow [[same-sex marriage]] in 2001. Following with Belgium in 2003 and Spain and Canada in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/same-sex-marriage-in-canada/|title=Same-Sex Marriage in Canada|first=Margrit|last=Eichler}}</ref> South Africa became the first African nation to legalize same-sex marriage in 2006, and is currently the only African nation where same-sex marriage is legal.<ref name="ESFFoundingRelease">{{cite web |url=http://www.empoweringspirits.org/PRDocServer/Passage_of_NH_Marriage_Equality_Bill_060309.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722160745/http://www.empoweringspirits.org/PRDocServer/Passage_of_NH_Marriage_Equality_Bill_060309.pdf |archive-date=July 22, 2011 |title=Empowering Spirits Foundation Applauds Passage of NH Marriage Equality Bill |publisher=Empowering Spirits Foundation Press Release |date=June 3, 2009 |access-date=June 4, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="toesland2017">{{cite magazine|last1=Toesland |first1=Finbarr |title=Fighting for LGBT Rights in Nigeria |url=https://pocketmags.com/us/diva-magazine/april-2017/articles/89420/fighting-for-lgbt-rights-in-nigeria |access-date=November 12, 2018 |magazine=DIVA Magazine |date=April 2017}}</ref>

Despite this uptick in tolerance of the LGBT community in South Africa, so-called corrective rapes have become prevalent in response, primarily targeting the poorer women who live in townships and those who have no recourse in responding to the crimes because of the notable lack of police presence and prejudice they may face for reporting assaults.<ref name="toesland2017"/>

On 22 October 2009, the assembly of the [[Church of Sweden]], voted strongly in favour of giving its blessing to homosexual couples,<ref>{{cite news|title=Synod opened on same-sex marriages |url=http://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/kyrkomotet-oppnade-for-homovigslar-1.979744 |newspaper=[[Dagens Nyheter]] |date=October 22, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091226085746/http://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/kyrkomotet-oppnade-for-homovigslar-1.979744 |archive-date=December 26, 2009 }}</ref> including the use of the term marriage, ("matrimony").

[[Iceland]] became the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage through a unanimous vote: 49–0, on 11 June 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2010/06/11/icelands-parliament-unanimously-approves-gay-marriage/|title=Iceland's parliament unanimously approves gay marriage|work=PinkNews|access-date=June 7, 2015|date=June 11, 2010}}</ref> A month later, [[Argentina]] became the first country in Latin America to legalize same-sex marriage.

On 26 June 2015, in ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'', the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-to-4 that the Constitution requires that same-sex couples be allowed to marry no matter where they live in the United States.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/gay-marriage-and-other-major-rulings-at-the-supreme-court/2015/06/25/ef75a120-1b6d-11e5-bd7f-4611a60dd8e5_story.html | title=Supreme Court rules gay couples nationwide have a right to marry | newspaper=The Washington Post | date=June 26, 2015 | access-date=July 10, 2016 | author=Barnes, Robert}}</ref> With this ruling, the United States became the 17th country to legalize same-sex marriages entirely.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/06/26/what-was-the-first-country-to-legalize-gay-marriage/ | title=What was the first country to legalize gay marriage? | newspaper=The Washington Post | date=June 26, 2015 | access-date=July 10, 2016 | author=Taylor, Adam}}</ref>

Between 12 September and 7 November 2017, Australia held a [[Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey|national survey]] on the subject of same sex marriage; 61.6% of respondents supported legally recognizing same-sex marriage nationwide.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baidawi |first1=Adam |last2=Cave |first2=Damien |title=Australia Votes for Gay Marriage, Clearing Path to Legalization |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/14/world/australia/yes-same-sex-marriage-gay.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220102/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/14/world/australia/yes-same-sex-marriage-gay.html |archive-date=2022-01-02 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |work=The New York Times |date=November 14, 2017 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> This cleared the way for a private member's bill to be debated in the federal parliament.

In 2019, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to allow same-sex marriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48305708|title=Taiwan gay marriage: Parliament legalises same-sex unions|date=17 May 2019|publisher=BBC|access-date=17 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517061353/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48305708|archive-date=17 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/17/asia/taiwan-same-sex-marriage-intl/index.html|title=Taiwan legalizes same-sex marriage in historic first for Asia|date=17 May 2019|work=CNN|access-date=17 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Steger |first=Isabella |title=In a first for Asia, Taiwan legalized same-sex marriage—with caveats |work=Quartz |date=17 May 2019 |url=https://qz.com/1621783/taiwan-becomes-first-country-in-asia-to-legalize-same-sex-marriage/ |access-date=31 May 2021 }}</ref> There has been a legal movement attempting to recognise [[Recognition of same-sex unions in Japan|marriage equality in Japan]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=McCurry |first1=Justin |title=Japan court falls short of calling same-sex marriage ban unconstitutional |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jun/08/japan-court-falls-short-of-calling-same-sex-marriage-ban-unconstitutional |website=The Guardian |date=June 8, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/03/17/978148301/in-landmark-ruling-court-says-japans-ban-on-same-sex-marriage-is-unconstitutiona|title=In Landmark Ruling, Court Says Japan's Ban On Same-Sex Marriage Is Unconstitutional|website=National Public Radio|date=17 March 2021}}</ref>

===== Other rights =====
In 2003, in the case ''[[Lawrence v. Texas]]'', the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] struck down [[sodomy laws]] in fourteen states, making consensual homosexual sex legal in all 50 states, a significant step forward in LGBT activism and one that had been fought for by activists since the inception of modern LGBT social movements.<ref>Cordova, Jeanne, ''When We Were Outlaws'' (2011) p 51-56.</ref>

From November 6 to 9, 2006, [[The Yogyakarta Principles]] on application of [[international human rights law]] in relation to [[sexual orientation]] and [[gender identity]] was adopted by an international meeting of 29 specialists in [[Yogyakarta]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fhr.org.za/about/our-work/small-grants-project/right-equality-non-disc/right-equality-and-non-discrimination-law/|title=Foundation for Human Rights :: The Right to Equality and Non-discrimination – the Law|website=fhr.org.za|access-date=January 21, 2019|archive-date=April 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419022841/http://www.fhr.org.za/about/our-work/small-grants-project/right-equality-non-disc/right-equality-and-non-discrimination-law/}}</ref> the [[International Commission of Jurists]] and the [[International Service for Human Rights]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icj.org/yogyakarta-principles/|title=Yogyakarta Principles {{!}} International Commission of Jurists|date=March 2007|language=en-US|access-date=January 21, 2019}}</ref>

During this same period, some municipalities have been enacting laws against homosexuality. For example, [[Rhea County, Tennessee]], unsuccessfully tried to "ban homosexuals" in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/tenn-county-reverses-on-gay-ban/|title=Tenn. County Reverses On Gay Ban|website=[[CBS News]]|date=March 18, 2004|access-date=June 7, 2015|archive-date=May 13, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513215336/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/03/18/national/main607050.shtml}}</ref>

The 1993 "Don't ask, don't tell" law, forbidding homosexual people from serving openly in the United States military, was repealed in 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/19/bill-clinton-dont-ask-dont-tell_n_3623245.html|title=On This Day In 1993, Bill Clinton Announced 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell'|last=Klapper|first=Ethan|date=July 19, 2013|work=Huffington Post|access-date=January 28, 2019|language=en-US}}</ref> This meant that gays and lesbians could now serve openly in the military without any fear of being discharged because of their sexual orientation. In 2012, the [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development]]'s [[Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity]] issued a regulation to prohibit discrimination in federally-assisted housing programs.  The new regulations ensure that the department's core housing programs are open to all eligible persons, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity.

The [[UN declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity]] gathered 66 signatures in the [[United Nations General Assembly]] on December 13, 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-un-homosexuality-idUSTRE4BH7EW20081218|title=U.N. divided over gay rights declaration|date=December 18, 2008|work=Reuters|access-date=January 21, 2019|language=en}}</ref>
In early 2014 a series of protests organized by [[Add The Words, Idaho]], and former state senator [[Nicole LeFavour]], some including [[civil disobedience]] and concomitant arrests,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ktvb.com/home/Lawyers-donating-their-time-to-defend-Add-the-Words-protesters-243617221.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140228004629/http://www.ktvb.com/home/Lawyers-donating-their-time-to-defend-Add-the-Words-protesters-243617221.html |archive-date=February 28, 2014 |title=Lawyers donating their time to defend 'Add the Words' protesters |author=KTVB, KTVB.COM |date=February 4, 2014 |work=KTVB |access-date=June 7, 2015 }}</ref> took place in [[Boise, Idaho]], which advocated adding the words "sexual orientation" and "gender identity" to the state's Human Rights act.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/02/03/gay-rights-activists-arrested/5186171/|title=Dozens of gay rights activists arrested in Idaho|author=AP|date=February 3, 2014|work=USA TODAY|access-date=June 7, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idahostatesman.com/2014/02/23/3045530/idaho-gay-friendly-anti-gay-neutral.html|title=Boise, Meridian, Nampa, Caldwell news by Idaho Statesman|access-date=June 7, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idahostatesman.com/2014/02/04/3008121/popkey-dignified-and-resolute.html|title=Boise, Meridian, Nampa, Caldwell news by Idaho Statesman|access-date=June 7, 2015}}</ref>

On September 6, 2018, consensual gay sex was legalized in India by their Supreme Court.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rajagopal |first1=Krishnadas |title=SC decriminalises homosexuality, says history owes LGBTQ community an apology |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sc-de-criminalises-homosexuality-says-history-owes-lgbtq-community-an-apology/article24881549.ece |work=The Hindu |date=September 6, 2018 }}</ref>

In June 2020, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the 1964 Civil Rights Act could protect gay and transgender people from workplace discrimination. The Bostock v. Clayton County decision found that protections guaranteed on the basis of sex could extend to sexual orientation and identity in areas like housing and employment.<ref name="NPR">{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/15/863498848/supreme-court-delivers-major-victory-to-lgbtq-employees |title=Supreme Court Delivers Major Victory To LGBTQ Employees |last=Totenberg |first=Nina |date=June 15, 2020 |website=NPR |access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref> Democrats such as then-presidential candidate Joe Biden praised the decision.<ref name="NPR" />{{Blockquote|text=Today, by affirming that sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination are prohibited under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Supreme Court has confirmed the simple but profoundly American idea that every human being should be treated with respect and dignity.}} Due to a lack of federal protections, discrimination against LGBT people in public accommodation or the sale of goods and services by private businesses remains legal, leaving vulnerable those in more than half the states in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://united-states.reaproject.org/analysis/comparative-trends-analysis/population/tools/160000/0/ | title=Idaho vs. United States &#124; Population Trends over 1958-2021 | access-date=January 13, 2023 | archive-date=January 13, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113040453/https://united-states.reaproject.org/analysis/comparative-trends-analysis/population/tools/160000/0/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>

In October 2020, the Council of Europe's Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (SOGI) Unit, along with the [[European Court of Human Rights]], held a conference to mark the 70th anniversary of the [[European Convention on Human Rights]] on October 8, 2020. The entity announced launching an event called "A 'Living Instrument' for Everyone: The Role of the European Convention on Human Rights in Advancing Equality for LGBTI persons", focused on the progress achieved in equality for LGBTI persons in Europe through the European Convention mechanism.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/-/how-the-european-convention-on-human-rights-is-advancing-equality-for-lgbti-people|title=  How the European Convention on Human Rights is advancing equality for LGBTI people  |access-date=October 7, 2020|website=Council Of Europe}}</ref>

President Biden signed an executive order barring LGBTQ discrimination on his first day in office.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/20/executive-order-preventing-and-combating-discrimination-on-basis-of-gender-identity-or-sexual-orientation/ |title=Executive Order on Preventing and Combating Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity or Sexual Orientation |author-link=Joe Biden |date=January 20, 2021 |website=[[White House]] |access-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-date=February 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213111322/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/20/executive-order-preventing-and-combating-discrimination-on-basis-of-gender-identity-or-sexual-orientation/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Later the same year, Biden reversed a [[Donald Trump|Trump]]-era policy of banning transgender people from the military, authorized embassies to fly the pride flag, and officially recognized June as Pride Month.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-formally-recognizes-june-as-lgbtq-pride-month-2021-6 |title=Biden formally recognizes LGBTQ Pride Month, restarting a tradition that Trump abandoned |last=Seddiq |first=Oma |date=June 1, 2021 |website=Business Insider |access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref>