Editing Kurt Cobain (section)

=== Health and addiction ===
At school Cobain was diagnosed with [[attention deficit disorder]] and was prescribed [[Ritalin]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Azerrad |first=Michael |title=Come As You Are - the nirvana story |date=1993-10-01 |publisher=Doubleday |isbn=9780385471992 |language=EN}}</ref> Throughout most of his life, Cobain had chronic [[bronchitis]] and intense physical pain due to an undiagnosed chronic stomach condition.<ref name="azerrad" />{{rp|66}} In an interview with [[Jon Savage]] in 1993 he said, "Every time I've had an endoscope, they find a red irritation in my stomach. But it's psychosomatic, it's all from anger. And screaming". He then goes on to mention that he, "had minor scoliosis in junior high".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Nirvana {{!}} Interview Archive {{!}} 1993 {{!}} July 22, 1993 - New York, NY, US |url=https://www.livenirvana.com/interviews/9307js/index.php |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=www.livenirvana.com}}</ref> According to ''[[The Telegraph (London)|The Telegraph]]'', Cobain had [[Major depressive disorder|depression]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Matt|last=Haig|title=Kurt Cobain was not a 'tortured genius', he had an illness|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/11515605/Kurt-Cobain-was-not-a-tortured-genius-he-had-an-illness.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/11515605/Kurt-Cobain-was-not-a-tortured-genius-he-had-an-illness.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|location=London, England|date=April 5, 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In 1993, he told Michael Azerrad that he had [[narcolepsy]] and [[manic depression]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=2023-11-02 |title=He Wrote the First Nirvana Bio. 30 Years Later, He Has a Few Changes |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/nirvana-biography-kurt-cobain-dave-grohl-1234868298/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref> His cousin brought attention to the family history of suicide, mental illness and alcoholism, noting that two of her uncles had died by suicide with guns.<ref>{{cite web|first=Brian|last=Libby|url=http://www.ahealthyme.com/topic/cobainqa|title=Even in His Youth|work=AHealthyMe.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070202043704/http://www.ahealthyme.com/topic/cobainqa|archive-date=February 2, 2007|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref>

According to [[Charles R. Cross|Cross]], Cobain suffered a [[mental breakdown]] midway through Nirvana's show in Rome on November 27, 1989. After smashing his guitar, he climbed a 30&nbsp;ft speak stack and shouted, "I'm going to kill myself!".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cross |first=Charles R. |title=Heavier than Heaven |date=2019-03-07 |publisher=Sceptre |isbn=9781473699632 |language=EN}}</ref> Eventually he climbed down and took the following day off, sightseeing with [[Sub Pop]] manager, [[Bruce Pavitt]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pavitt |first=Bruce |title=Experiencing Nirvana - Grunge in europe, 1989 |date=2013 |publisher=2014-04-24 |isbn=9781935950103 |pages=The photo on the front cover is from this sightseeing trip |language=EN}}</ref> Cobain completed the remaining five European tour dates and returned to the USA.

He first drank alcohol in 7th grade (c. 12 yrs)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Azerrad |first=Michael |title=Come As You Are - The story of nirvana |publisher=Doubleday |date=1993-10-01 |isbn=9780385471992 |language=EN}}</ref> and he often drank to excess throughout his life. His first drug experience was with [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] in 1980, at age 13. He regularly used the drug during adulthood.<ref name="cross-2001" />{{rp|76}} Cobain also had a period of consuming "notable" amounts of [[Lysergic acid diethylamide|LSD]], as observed by Marander,<ref name="cross-2001" />{{rp|75}} and had been involved in [[solvent abuse]] as a teenager.<ref name="cross-2001" /> Novoselic said he was "really into getting fucked up: drugs, acid, any kind of drug".<ref name="cross-2001" />{{rp|76}} He occasionally experimented with methamphetamine and cocaine when the band were on tour.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cross |first=Charles |title=Heavier than Heaven |publisher=Sceptre |date=2019-03-07 |isbn=9781473699632}}</ref> One example was when Novoselic and Cobain took cocaine after their gig in New York on July 18, 1989.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Azerrad |first=Michael |title=Come As You Are - the story of nirvana |publisher=Doubleday |date=1993-10-01 |isbn=9780385471992 |language=EN}}</ref> Cobain first took heroin in 1986, administered to him by a dealer in [[Tacoma, Washington]], who had previously supplied him with [[oxycodone]] and [[aspirin]].<ref name="azerrad" />{{rp|41}} Cobain used heroin sporadically for several years; by the end of 1991, his use had developed into [[Substance use disorder|addiction]]. Cobain claimed that he was "determined to get a habit" as a way to self-medicate his stomach condition. "It started with three days in a row of doing heroin and I don't have a stomach pain. That was such a relief," he said.<ref name="azerrad" />{{rp|236}} However, his long-time friend [[Buzz Osborne]] disputes this, saying that his stomach pain was more likely caused by his heroin use: "He made it up for sympathy and so he could use it as an excuse to stay loaded. Of course he was vomiting—that's what people on heroin do, they vomit. It's called 'vomiting with a smile on your face'."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thetalkhouse.com/music/talks/buzz-osborne-the-melvins-talks/ |title=Buzz Osborne (the Melvins) Talks the HBO Documentary Kurt Cobain: Montage of Heck &#124; The Talkhouse Music |publisher=Thetalkhouse.com |date=June 6, 2015 |access-date=November 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119080439/http://thetalkhouse.com/music/talks/buzz-osborne-the-melvins-talks/ |archive-date=November 19, 2015 }}</ref> Cobain told Novoselic in 1990 that he had used heroin and he spoke to Grohl about it in January 1991.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Azerrad |first=Michael |title=Nirvana: The Amplifications |publisher=HARPER COLLINS |date=2023-10-24 |isbn=9780063279940 |language=EN}}</ref>

Cobain's heroin use began to affect Nirvana's ''Nevermind'' tour. During a 1992 photoshoot with [[Michael Lavine]], before their first ''Saturday Night Live'' performance on January 11, he fell asleep several times, having used heroin beforehand. Cobain told biographer [[Michael Azerrad]]: "They're not going to be able to tell me to stop. So I really didn't care. Obviously to them it was like practicing witchcraft or something. They didn't know anything about it so they thought that any second, I was going to die."<ref name="azerrad" />{{rp|241}}

The morning after the band's performance on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' in 1992, Cobain experienced his first near-death [[Drug overdose|overdose]] after injecting heroin; Love resuscitated him.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canoe.com:80/JamMusicArtistsN/nirvana.html|title=Legacy|date=April 8, 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040803123238/http://www.canoe.com/JamMusicArtistsN/nirvana.html|access-date=July 27, 2020|archive-date=August 3, 2004}}</ref>

On May 2, 1993 Cobain overdosed at his home in Seattle and Love called the paramedics. He was taken to [[Harborview Medical Center]], but was discharged the same day.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldberg |first=Danny |title=Serve The Servant |date=2020-04-02 |publisher=Orion |isbn=9781409182801}}</ref>

Prior to a performance at the New Music Seminar in New York City on July 23, 1993, Cobain suffered another overdose. Rather than calling for an ambulance, Love injected Cobain with [[naloxone]] to resuscitate him. Cobain proceeded to perform with Nirvana, giving the public no indication that anything had happened.<ref name="cross-2001" />{{rp|296–297}}

By March 1994, Love had "seen Kurt close to death from heroin overdoses on more than a dozen occasions," according to Cross.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cross |first=Charles |title=Heavier than Heaven: the biography of Kurt Cobain |publisher=Sceptre |date=2019-03-07 |isbn=9781473699632 |pages=Chapter 22 |language=EN}}</ref>