Editing John C. Calhoun (section)

===Resignation===
As tensions over nullification escalated, South Carolina Senator [[Robert Y. Hayne]] was considered less capable than Calhoun to represent South Carolina in the Senate debates, so in late 1832 Hayne resigned to become governor; Calhoun resigned as vice president, and the South Carolina legislature elected Calhoun to fill Hayne's Senate seat. Van Buren had already been elected as Jackson's new vice president, meaning that Calhoun had less than three months left on his term anyway.{{sfn|Phillips|1929|pp=411–419}} The South Carolina newspaper ''City Gazette'' commented on the change:
{{blockquote|It is admitted that the former gentleman [Hayne] is injudiciously pitted against Clay and Webster and, nullification out of the question, Mr. Calhoun's place should be in front with these formidable politicians.{{sfn|Jervey|1909|p=315}}}}

Biographer John Niven argues "that these moves were part of a well-thought-out plan whereby Hayne would restrain the hotheads in the state legislature and Calhoun would defend his brainchild, nullification, in Washington against administration stalwarts and the likes of Daniel Webster, the new apostle of northern nationalism."{{sfn|Niven|1988|p=192}} As vice president, Calhoun cast a then-record 31 [[List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States|tie-breaking votes in the Senate]], the most of any vice president in their capacity as Senate president until vice president [[Kamala Harris]] surpassed it in 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/VPTies.pdf |title=Senate.gov: VPTies.pdf |access-date=April 3, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vice President Harris breaks record for casting the most tie-breaking votes |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/president-harris-breaks-record-casting-tie-breaking-votes-rcna123999 |website=NBC News |date=December 5, 2023 |access-date=December 5, 2023}}</ref>