Editing Jewish holidays (section)

====Four New Years====
The Torah itself does not use any term like "New Year" in reference to Rosh Hashanah. The [[Mishnah]] in [[Rosh Hashanah (tractate)|Rosh Hashanah]]<ref>[[s:Mishnah/Seder Moed/Tractate Rosh Hashanah/Chapter 1/1|Mishnah Rosh Hashanah 1:1]]</ref> specifies four different "New Year's Days" for different purposes:
* 1 Tishrei (conventional "Rosh Hashanah"):  "new year" for calculating calendar years, [[shmita|sabbatical-year ''(shmita)'']] and [[Jubilee (Biblical)|jubilee]] cycles, and the age of trees for purposes of Jewish law; and for separating grain [[tithe]]s.
* 15 [[Shevat]] ([[#Tu Bishvat—New Year of the Trees|Tu Bishvat]]): "new year" for trees–''i.e.,'' their current agricultural cycle and related tithes.
* 1 [[Nisan]]: "New Year" for counting months and major festivals and for calculating the years of the reign of a Jewish king
** In biblical times, the day following 29 Adar, Year 1 of the reign of ___, would be followed by 1 Nisan, Year 2 of the reign of ___.
** In modern times, although the Jewish calendar year number changes on Rosh Hashanah, the months are still numbered from Nisan.
** The three pilgrimage festivals are always reckoned as coming in the order Passover-Shavuot-Sukkot. This can have religious law consequences even in modern times.
* 1 Elul ([[Rosh Hashanah LeMa'sar Behemah]]):  "new year" for [[animal tithe]]s.  However, the Halacha does not follow this opinion, but rather that the animal tithe goes by 1 Tishrei.<ref>Rambam Hilkhot Bekhorot 7:6.</ref>