Editing Jenin (section)

=== Israeli occupation 1967 to 2020 ===
[[File:2018 OCHA OpT map Jenin.jpg|thumb|2018 [[United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|United Nations]] map of the area, showing the [[Israeli occupation of the West Bank|Israeli occupation]] arrangements.]]
[[File:West Bank-13.jpg|thumb|right|A street in Jenin, 2011]]
[[File:Jenin RC - panoramio (10).jpg|thumb|In Jenin]]
{{further|Battle of Jenin (2002)}}

Jenin has been under [[Israeli occupation of the West Bank|Israeli occupation]] since the [[Six-Day War]], in 1967.{{Citation needed| reason = common knowledge to some, but still needs a citation please.|date=December 2024}}

On 14 May 1989, during the early months of the [[First Intifada]]. Mohammad Jibrin, aged 45, died in [[Ramallah]] Hospital after being beaten by [[Israeli army|Israeli soldiers]] in Jenin. Three months later, in response to a question from a member of [[Knesset]] Defence Minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]] wrote that there was no investigation by the Military Police Investigator.<ref>Talmor, Ronny (translated by Ralph Mandel) (1990) ''The Use of Firearms - By the Security Forces in the Occupied Territories.'' [[B'Tselem]]. [https://www.btselem.org/sites/default/files2/publication/199007_use_of_firearms_eng.doc download] pp.76,78</ref>

According to [[Joel Beinin]], Jenin was classified as under the administration of the [[Palestinian National Authority]] as [[West Bank areas in the Oslo II Accord|Area A of the West Bank]], a [[Palestinian enclave]], in 1995.<ref name="Beinin">{{cite web |last1=Beinin |first1=Joel |author1-link = Joel Beinin |title=The Demise of the Oslo Process |url=http://www.merip.org/pins/pin1.html |website=[[Middle East Research and Information Project]] |date=March 26, 1999|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20000816222849/http://www.merip.org/pins/pin1.html | archive-date=16 August 2000 |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref>{{verify source| reason= The source below says PA control began the following year. But 1995 might be the date the agreement or decision was made? |date=December 2024}} In 1996, [[Israel]] handed over control of the city to the [[Palestinian National Authority]] in keeping with the [[Oslo Accords]].{{verify source| reason= new source said it has been Area A since 1995, possibly that was the decision and 1996 was the handover? |date=December 2024}}

According to the [[BBC]], the city is "Known among Palestinians" as "the [[Martyr (shahid)|Martyrs]]' capital", but the reason they gave was Israeli statistics about [[Palestinian suicide attacks|suicide bombings]], the BBC did not identify any non-Israeli source for the name.<ref name="Known among Palestinians" >{{Cite news| last = Lee | first = Ken | title = Jenin rises from the dirt | work = BBC | access-date = September 21, 2008 | date = June 24, 2003| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3015814.stm | quote= Known among Palestinians as the "Martyrs' Capital," at least 28 suicide bombers, by Israel's count, have been dispatched from the camp's squalid alleyways since the outbreak of the current intifada. }}</ref> During the Second [[Palestinian uprising]] (also known as the [[Al-Aqsa Intifada]]) the camp's militants, some 200 armed men, included members of [[Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades]], [[Tanzim]], [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] (PIJ) and [[Hamas]].<ref name="BBCmartyrs"/><ref name=Bernanp434>{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{cite book|title=United Nations Yearbook 2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yp2sSGFOXAgC&q=curfew%20Jenin%202002&pg=PA434|publisher=Bernan Press|year=2002|access-date=September 9, 2009|isbn=978-92-1-100904-0}}</ref> By Israel's count, at least 28 [[Palestinian suicide attacks|suicide bombers]] were dispatched from the Jenin camp from 2000 to 2003 during the [[Second Intifada]].<ref name="BBCmartyrs">{{Cite news| last = Lee | first = Ken | title = Jenin rises from the dirt | work = BBC | access-date = September 21, 2008| date = June 24, 2003| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3015814.stm}}</ref> Israeli army weekly ''[[Bamahane]]'' attributes at least 31 militant attacks, totaling 124 victims, to Jenin during the same period, more than any other city in the West Bank.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=[[Bamahane]]|issue= 3003|pages=31–32|title=BeGeder Hatzlaha (Hebrew title)|author1=Kiron, Omri |author2=Al-Peleg, Daniel |date=September 4, 2009|language=he}}</ref>

During the [[al-Aqsa Intifada]], Israel launched [[Operation Defensive Shield]] with the stated aim of dismantling militant infrastructure so as to curb suicide bombings and other militant activities. The army encircled and entered six major Palestinian population centers in the West Bank, among them Jenin. During the [[Battle of Jenin (2002)]] in April 2002, 23 Israeli soldiers and 52 Palestinians, including civilians,<ref name=AFPJTimesJul2011>{{cite web|last=Krauss|first=Joseph|title=Weary West Bank fighters watch Gaza assault from afar|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=13544|publisher=AFP / The Jordan Times}} - "Fifty-four Palestinians and 23 Israeli soldiers were killed in the mêlée".</ref><ref name=JPostJul2010>{{cite news|last=Katz|first=Yaakov|title=IDF mulls entry to West Bank cities by Jewish Israelis|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=181364|newspaper=JPost|date=2010-07-14}}</ref> <!-- Needs an Israeli response to the massacre allegations here as well as a note to the mixed 'still massacre'/'great victory' Palestinian perspectives --> were killed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2165272.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Middle East - UN says no massacre in Jenin|date=August 2002|access-date=14 April 2016}}</ref> [[Human Rights Watch]] reported that the refugee camp, which was the major battleground, suffered extensive damage. Witnesses stated unarmed people were shot and denied medical treatment, and as a result died. Human Rights Watch have regarded many killings to be unlawful such as the death of a 57-year-old wheelchair bound man who was shot and run over by a tank despite having attached a white flag on his wheelchair. A 37-year-old man who was paralysed was crushed under the rubble of his house, his family was not allowed to remove his body. A 14-year-old boy was killed as he travelled to purchase groceries during the temporary relief of the curfew that was imposed by the army. Medical staff were shot at (one nurse killed) while trying to reach the wounded even after clearly being in uniform displaying the red crescent symbol.<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.hrw.org/reports/2002/israel3/israel0502-05.htm#P234_38516 | title= CIVILIAN CASUALTIES AND UNLAWFUL KILLINGS IN JENIN | publisher= HRW | website= www.hrw.org }}</ref> There have also been reports of Israeli soldiers using Palestinians as human shields, one father described how a soldier rested his rifle on his 14-year-old son's shoulder as he shot.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/reports/2002/israel3/israel0502-01.htm#P49_1774 SUMMARY], HRW</ref> Israel denied the entry of rescue teams and journalists into Jenin even after they withdrew. Over the following years, Jenin was subject to extended [[curfew]]s and [[targeted killing]]s.

During a gun-battle with [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] militants whom Israel says were firing at troops from inside the UN compound, an [[Israel]]i military [[sniper]] shot and killed a [[United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East|UN Relief and Works Agency]] (UNRWA) employee, [[Iain Hook]] (54) on November 22, 2002.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2507105.stm Israel admits killing British UN worker] ''[[BBC News]]'' November 23, 2002</ref> The sniper reportedly mistook a cellphone in Hook's hands for a gun or grenade.<ref name=nyt>{{cite journal |last=Fisher |first=Ian |title=Israel admits one of its soldiers killed U.N. officer in Jenin |journal=[[The New York Times]] |issue=November 24 |quote=An Israeli soldier then fired at Mr. Hook inside the compound when he saw ''"an object which resembles a pistol" in his hand, the statement read.''|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E04E1D61039F937A15752C1A9649C8B63&scp=2&sq=%22Iain%20Hook%22&st=cse |access-date=June 7, 2012 |date=2002-11-24}}</ref>
[[File:Jenin RC - panoramio (4).jpg|thumb|Downtown Jenin]]
In the framework of the [[Valley of Peace initiative]], a joint Arab-Israeli project is under way to promote tourism in the Jenin region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalaffairs.es/en/peacebuilding-from-the-bottom-up-the-mysterious-power-of-intercultural-organizations/|title=globalaffairs.es|access-date=14 April 2016}}</ref> In 2010, 600 new businesses opened in Jenin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/50434209/Israeli-Arabs-and-West-Bank-Economy |title=The Economic Impact of Israeli-Arab Visitors to the West Bank |access-date=2017-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505054552/https://www.scribd.com/doc/50434209/Israeli-Arabs-and-West-Bank-Economy |archive-date=2016-05-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Canaan Fair Trade]] is headquartered in Jenin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canaanfairtrade.com/|title=Canaan Fair Trade|access-date=14 April 2016|archive-date=13 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213223805/http://www.canaanfairtrade.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Director of [[The Freedom Theatre]] in Jenin, [[Juliano Mer-Khamis]], was killed by masked gunmen in the city in April 2011. Mer-Khamis co-founded the theatre with [[Zakaria Zubeidi]], former military chief of the al-Aqsa Brigades who had renounced violence.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/18557289?story_id=18557289|title=Juliano Mer-Khamis|newspaper=The Economist|date=14 April 2011|access-date=14 April 2016}}</ref>