Editing James Cook (section)

===Death===
{{Main|Death of James Cook}}
[[File:Hawaii WikiC 9015.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|left|Marker at the shoreline of Kealakekua Bay, near the spot where Captain Cook was slain]]

After a month's stay, Cook attempted to resume his exploration of the northern Pacific. Shortly after leaving Hawaii Island, ''Resolution''{{'}}s foremast broke, so the ships returned to Kealakekua Bay for repairs.{{cn|date=February 2024}}

Tensions rose, and quarrels broke out between the Europeans and Hawaiians at Kealakekua Bay, including taking wood from a [[Marae|marae]] under Cook's orders.{{sfn|Sparks|1847|pp=135–139}} On 13 February 1779, an unknown group of Hawaiians stole one of Cook's [[Cutter (boat)|cutters]].{{Sfnm|1a1=Beazley|1y=1911|1p=72|2a1=Moore|2y=2012|2p=336}} By then the Hawaiian people had become "insolent", even with threats to fire upon them.<ref>{{harvnb|Obeyesekere|1997|p=177}}</ref> Cook responded to the theft by attempting to kidnap and ransom the [[Alii Aimoku of Hawaii|''Aliʻi nui'']] (King) of Hawaii, [[Kalaniʻōpuʻu]].{{Sfnm|1a1=Beazley|1y=1911|1p=72|2a1=Moore|2y=2012|2p=336}}

The following day, 14 February 1779, Cook and a small party marched through the village to retrieve the king.{{sfnm|1a1=Obeyesekere|1y=1997|1p=107|2a1=Collingridge|2y=2003|2pp=408–409}} Cook led Kalaniʻōpuʻu away; as they got to the boats, one of Kalaniʻōpuʻu's favourite wives, [[Kānekapōlei]], and two chiefs approached the group. They pleaded with the king not to go and a large crowd began to form at the shore.<ref>{{harvnb|Obeyesekere|1997|pp=110–111}}</ref> News reached the Hawaiians that on the other side of the bay, high-ranking Hawaiian chief Kalimu had been shot whilst trying to break through a British blockade. This exacerbated the tense situation. As the Europeans launched the boats to leave, Cook was struck on the head by the villagers and then stabbed to death as he fell on his face in the surf.<ref>{{harvnb|Collingridge|2003|pp=409–410}}</ref> He was first struck on the head with a club by a chief named [[Kalaimanokahoʻowaha]] or Kanaʻina (namesake of [[Charles Kanaʻina]]) and then stabbed by one of the king's attendants, Nuaa.<ref>{{harvnb|Samwell|1791|p=16|ps=. "The principal actors were the other chiefs, many of them the king's relations and attendants: the man who stabbed him with the dagger was called Nooah (Nuaa)... The chief who first struck Captain Cook with the club, was called Karimano-craha (Kalaimanokahoowaha)..."}}; {{harvnb|Dibble|1843|p=61}}. "Among the soldiers sent by Keawemauhili was Kalanimanokahoowaba, the chief who slew Captain Cook."; {{harvnb|Fornander|Stokes|1880|p=193}}. fn. 1. "...from him the late Charles Kanaina, father of the late King Luaalilo, received his name."</ref> The Hawaiians carried his body away towards the back of the town, still visible to the ship through their spyglass. Four marines, Corporal James Thomas, Private Theophilus Hinks, Private Thomas Fatchett and Private John Allen, were also killed and two others wounded in the confrontation.{{sfn|Samwell|1791|p=16}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Muster for HMS Resolution during the third Pacific voyage, 1776–1780 |url=http://www.captaincooksociety.com/Portals/ccs/Files/Musters/3resolution3muster1.pdf |website=Captain Cook Society |access-date=27 October 2014 |page=20 |date=15 October 2012 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923200409/http://www.captaincooksociety.com/Portals/ccs/Files/Musters/3resolution3muster1.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Cook Three Voyages 59.png|thumb|upright=1.75|The routes of Captain James Cook's voyages. The first voyage is shown in '''<span style="color:red;">red</span>''', second voyage in '''<span style="color:green;">green</span>''', and third voyage in '''<span style="color:blue;">blue</span>'''. The route of Cook's crew following his death is shown as a dashed blue line.]]