Editing Jakarta (section)

===Ethnicity===
{{bar box
|title=Ethnicity of Jakarta – 2010 Census<ref name="ETHNICITY"/>{{not in source|date=May 2025}}
|titlebar=
|left1=Ethnicity
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Javanese people|Javanese]]|Violet|36.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Betawi people|Betawi]]|Yellow|28.29}}
{{bar percent|[[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]|Green|14.61}}
{{Bar percent|[[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]]|Red|6.623}}
{{bar percent|[[Batak people|Batak]]|DarkBlue|3.42}}
{{bar percent|[[Minangkabau people|Minang]]|lightgreen|2.85}}
{{bar percent|[[Malay Indonesians|Malay]]|Brown|0.96}}
{{bar percent|Others|Gray|7.077}}
}}

Jakarta is pluralistic and religiously diverse, without a majority ethnic group. As of 2010, 36.17% of the city's population were [[Javanese people|Javanese]], 28.29% [[Betawi people|Betawi]] (locally established mixed race, cemented by diverse creole), 14.61% [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]], 6.62% [[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]], 3.42% [[Batak]], 2.85% [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], 0.96% [[Ethnic Malays|Malays]], [[Indo people|Indo]] and others 7.06%.<ref name="ETHNICITY">{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-percentage-of-population-in-Jakarta-according-to-the-major-ethnic-group-2010_fig1_323524160|title=The percentage of population in Jakarta according to the major ethnic group (2010)|access-date=14 September 2013}}</ref>{{not in source|date=May 2025}}
[[File:Baju Demang Betawi.png|thumb|170px|[[Betawi people|Betawi]] is the native ethnic group in Jakarta]]
The '[[Betawi people|Betawi]]' ({{lang|id|Orang Betawi}}, or 'people of Batavia') are immigrant descendants of the old city who became widely recognised as an ethnic group by the mid-19th century. They mostly descend from an eclectic mix of Southeast Asians brought or attracted to meet labour needs.<ref>These cement the pluralism in ethnic and national identities found in contemporary Jakarta;{{harvnb|Knörr|2007|p=263}}</ref> They are thus a Creole ethnic group who came from much of Indonesia. Over generations, most have intermarried with one or more ethnicities, especially people of Chinese, Arab, and European descent.{{sfn|Sáenz|Embrick|Rodriguez|2015|p=?}} Most Betawis lived in the fringe zones with few Betawi-majority zones of central Jakarta.{{sfn|Iyer|2001|p=23}} It is thus a conundrum for some first generation Betawi people, especially multi-generational Jakarta residents, to identify as either their parents' ethnicity or Betawi since living in a Betawi-majority district and speaking more of that creole and adapting is a matter of preference for such families.

A significant [[Chinese Indonesian|Chinese]] community has lived in Jakarta for many centuries. They traditionally reside around old urban areas, such as [[Pinangsia]], [[Pantai Indah Kapuk|PIK]], [[Pluit]] and [[Glodok]] (Jakarta's Chinatown) areas. They also can be found in the old [[Chinatown]]s of [[Senen]] and [[Jatinegara]]. As of 2001 they self-identified as being 5.5% of the population, which was thought of as under-reported;<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnston |first=Tim |title=Chinese diaspora: Indonesia |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |url-status=live |publisher=BBC News |date=3 March 2005 |access-date=30 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223170116/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |archive-date=23 December 2007}}</ref> this explains the 6.6% figure ten years later.

The Sumatran residents are diverse. According to the 2020 census, roughly 361,000 [[Batak]]; 300,960 [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]] and 101,370 [[Ethnic Malays|Malays]] lived in the city. The number of Batak people has grown in ranking, from eighth in 1930 to fifth in 2000. [[Toba Batak people|Toba Batak]] is the largest subset in Jakarta.{{sfn|Reid|2010|p=170}} Working Minangkabau in the 1980s in high proportions were well-embedded merchants, artisans, doctors, teachers or journalists.<ref>Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography, 1987</ref>{{sfn|Naim|1971|p=115-131}} [[Minangkabau businesspeople|Minang merchants]] are found in traditional markets, such as Tanah Abang and Senen.{{sfn|Adya|2022|p=125}}