Editing Insulin (section)

=== Regulator of endocannabinoid metabolism ===
Insulin is a major regulator of [[Endocannabinoids|endocannabinoid]] (EC) [[metabolism]] and insulin treatment has been shown to reduce [[intracellular]] ECs, the [[2-Arachidonoylglycerol|2-arachidonoylglycerol]] (2-AG) and [[anandamide]] (AEA), which correspond with insulin-sensitive expression changes in enzymes of EC metabolism. In insulin-resistant [[adipocyte]]s, patterns of insulin-induced enzyme expression is disturbed in a manner consistent with elevated EC [[Biosynthesis|synthesis]] and reduced EC degradation. Findings suggest that [[Insulin resistance|insulin-resistant]] adipocytes fail to regulate EC metabolism and decrease intracellular EC levels in response to insulin stimulation, whereby [[Obesity|obese]] insulin-resistant individuals exhibit increased concentrations of ECs.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = D'Eon TM, Pierce KA, Roix JJ, Tyler A, Chen H, Teixeira SR | title = The role of adipocyte insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of obesity-related elevations in endocannabinoids |language=en | journal = Diabetes | volume = 57 | issue = 5 | pages = 1262–68 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18276766 | doi = 10.2337/db07-1186 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid26374449">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gatta-Cherifi B, Cota D | title = New insights on the role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of energy balance | journal = International Journal of Obesity | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 210–19 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26374449 | doi = 10.1038/ijo.2015.179 | s2cid = 20740277 | doi-access = free }}</ref> This dysregulation contributes to excessive [[Adipose tissue|visceral fat]] accumulation and reduced [[adiponectin]] release from abdominal adipose tissue, and further to the onset of several cardiometabolic risk factors that are associated with obesity and [[type 2 diabetes]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Di Marzo V | title = The endocannabinoid system in obesity and type 2 diabetes | journal = Diabetologia | volume = 51 | issue = 8 | pages = 1356–67 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18563385 | doi = 10.1007/s00125-008-1048-2 | doi-access = free }}</ref>